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Childhood dyspraxia predicts adult-onset nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2015

Jason Schiffman ,
Vijay Mittal ,
Emily Kline ,
Erik L. Mortensen ,
Niels Michelsen ,
Morten Ekstrøm ,
Zachary B. Millman ,
Sarnoff A. Mednick  and
Holger J. Sørensen
Jason Schiffman*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Vijay Mittal
Affiliation:
University of Colorado
Emily Kline
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Erik L. Mortensen
Affiliation:
University of Copenhagen
Niels Michelsen
Affiliation:
University of Copenhagen
Morten Ekstrøm
Affiliation:
Copenhagen University Hospital
Zachary B. Millman
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Sarnoff A. Mednick
Affiliation:
Copenhagen University Hospital
Holger J. Sørensen
Affiliation:
Copenhagen University Hospital
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Jason Schiffman, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, M/P3, Baltimore, MD 21250; E-mail: schiffma@umbc.edu.
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Abstract

Several neurological variables have been investigated as premorbid biomarkers of vulnerability for schizophrenia and other related disorders. The current study examined whether childhood dyspraxia predicted later adult nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders. From a standardized neurological examination performed with children (aged 10–13) at genetic high risk of schizophrenia and controls, several measures of dyspraxia were used to create a scale composed of face/head dyspraxia, oral articulation, ideomotor dyspraxia (clumsiness), and dressing dyspraxia (n = 244). Multinomial logistic regression showed higher scores on the dyspraxia scale predict nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders relative to other psychiatric disorders and no mental illness outcomes, even after controlling for genetic risk, χ2 (4, 244) = 18.61, p < .001. Findings that symptoms of dyspraxia in childhood (reflecting abnormalities spanning functionally distinct brain networks) specifically predict adult nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders are consistent with a theory of abnormal connectivity, and they highlight a marked early-stage vulnerability in the pathophysiology of nonaffective–psychosis-spectrum disorders.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 27 , Issue 4pt1 , November 2015 , pp. 1323 - 1330
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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