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Contextual adversity, telomere erosion, pubertal development, and health: Two models of accelerated aging, or one?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2016

Jay Belsky  and
Idan Shalev
Jay Belsky*
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis
Idan Shalev
Affiliation:
Pennsylvania State University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Jay Belsky, Department of Human Ecology, Human Development and Family Studies Program, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, 1331 Hart Hall, Davis, CA 95616; E-mail: jbelsky@ucdavis.edu.
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Abstract

Two independent lines of inquiry suggest that growing up under conditions of contextual adversity (e.g., poverty and household chaos) accelerates aging and undermines long-term health. Whereas work addressing the developmental origins of health and disease highlights accelerated-aging effects of contextual adversity on telomere erosion, that informed by an evolutionary analysis of reproductive strategies highlights such effects with regard to pubertal development (in females). That both shorter telomeres early in life and earlier age of menarche are associated with poor health later in life raises the prospect, consistent with evolutionary life-history theory, that these two bodies of theory and research are tapping into the same evolutionary–developmental process whereby longer term health costs are traded off for increased probability of reproducing before dying via a process of accelerated aging. Here we make the case for such a claim, while highlighting biological processes responsible for these effects, as well as unknowns in the epigenetic equation that might instantiate these contextually regulated developmental processes.

Type
Special Section Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Special Issue 4pt2: Epigenetics: Development, Psychopathology, Resilience, and Preventive Intervention , November 2016 , pp. 1367 - 1383
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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