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Prenatal cocaine exposure and trajectories of externalizing behavior problems in early childhood: Examining the role of maternal negative affect

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 March 2014

Danielle S. Molnar ,
Ash Levitt ,
Rina Das Eiden  and
Pamela Schuetze
Danielle S. Molnar*
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo
Ash Levitt
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo
Rina Das Eiden
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo
Pamela Schuetze
Affiliation:
Buffalo State College
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Danielle S. Molnar, University at Buffalo, Research Institute on Addictions, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203; E-mail: dmolnar@ria.buffalo.edu.
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Abstract

This study examined the association between prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) and developmental trajectories of externalizing behavior problems from 18 to 54 months of child age. A hypothesized indirect association between PCE and externalizing trajectories via maternal negative affect was also examined. Caregiving environmental risk and child sex were evaluated as moderators. This study consisted of 196 mother–child dyads recruited at delivery from local area hospitals (107 PCE, 89 non-PCE) and assessed at seven time points across the toddler to preschool periods. Results revealed no direct associations between PCE and externalizing behavior problem trajectories. However, results did indicate that PCE shared a significant indirect relationship with externalizing behavior problem trajectories via higher levels of maternal negative affect. The association between PCE and externalizing problem trajectories was also moderated by caregiving environmental risk such that PCE children in high-risk caregiving environments did not experience the well-documented normative decline in externalizing behavior problems beginning at around 3 years of age. This study suggests potential pathways to externalizing behavior problems among high-risk children.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , May 2014 , pp. 515 - 528
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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