Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-n9wrp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T17:16:21.386Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic Influenza: Communication, Training, and Guidance Needs of Public Health Officials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2019

Jasmine Kenney ,
Julie Crumly  and
Noreen Qualls
Jasmine Kenney
Affiliation:
Health Communication Specialist contracted with the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia; Eagle Medical Services, LLC, San Antonio, Texas
Julie Crumly
Affiliation:
Senior Evaluation Specialist at Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Noreen Qualls*
Affiliation:
Team Lead of the Guidance Development and Communication Team in the Community Interventions for Infection Control Unit at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Noreen Qualls, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop V18-2, Atlanta, Georgia 30329 (e-mail: nlq0@cdc.gov).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to identify the needs of state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) public health officials in communicating, implementing, and monitoring nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during an influenza pandemic.

Methods:

A Web-based survey collected data from a nonrandom sample of STLT health departments.

Results:

A total of 267 of 346 public health officials responded (77.2% response rate). STLTs identified the general public, families, childcare programs, K-12 schools, and workplaces as their priority audiences for NPI communication. Training needs included NPI decision-making strategies, triggers for implementing NPIs, and communicating NPI recommendations to families and communities, as well as a more practical orientation and real-world examples of how to incorporate NPI guidance into preparedness and response activities. Information is needed on health messaging for various populations and settings and on the legal authority for implementing specific NPIs.

Conclusions:

Future NPI recommendations by CDC should continue to be based on feedback solicited from STLT health departments. To fill identified gaps, CDC used these findings to create NPI guidance and materials to assist in prepandemic planning and preparedness for STLTs and various community settings.

Keywords

public health practiceemergency preparednesshuman influenzaneeds assessmentpandemics
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 14 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 719 - 724
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Public health preparedness capabilities: national standards for state and local planning. https://www.cdc.gov/cpr/readiness/00_docs/capability1.pdf Accessed November 19, 2018.Google Scholar
Leung, GM, Nicoll, A. Reflections on pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and the international response. PLoS Med. 2010;7(10):e1000346. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000346 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Markel, H, Lipman, HB, Navarro, JA, et al. Nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented by US cities during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic. JAMA. 2007;298(6):644-654. http://doi:10.1001/jama.298.6.644 Google ScholarPubMed
Qualls, N, Levitt, A, Kanade, N, et al. Community mitigation guidelines to prevent pandemic influenza — United States, 2017. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2017;66(1):1-34. https://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6601a1 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cantey, P, Chuk, M, Kohl, K, et al. Public health emergency preparedness: lessons learned about monitoring of interventions from the National Association of County and City Health Officials’ Survey of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic H1N1. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2013;19(1):70-76. http://dx.doi:10.1097/PHH.0b013e31824d4666 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, HA, Rutkow, L, Barnett, DJ. Local preparedness for infectious disease outbreaks: a qualitative exploration of willingness and ability to respond. Health Secur. 2018;16(5):311-319. https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2018.0046 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Interim pre-pandemic planning guidance: community strategy for pandemic influenza mitigation in the United States; February 2007. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11425. Accessed October 31, 2018.Google Scholar
Jester, BJ, Uyeki, TM, Patel, A, et al. 100 Years of medical countermeasures and pandemic influenza preparedness. AJPH. 2018;108(11):1469-1472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enanoria, WT, Crawley, AW, Tseng, W, et al. The epidemiology and surveillance response to pandemic influenza A (H1N1) among local health departments in the San Francisco Bay Area. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:276. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-276 Google ScholarPubMed
Kayman, H, Salter, S, Mittal, M, et al. School closure decisions made by local health department officials during the 2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2015;9(4):464-4671. http://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2015.72 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klaiman, T, Kraemer, JD, Stoto, MA. Variability in school closure decisions in response to 2009 H1N1: a qualitative systems improvement analysis. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:73. http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-73 Google ScholarPubMed
Stoto, MA, Nelson, C, Higdon, MA, et al. Lessons about the state and local public health system response to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: a workshop summary. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2013;19(5):428-435. http://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182751d3e CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nonpharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs): educational materials. http://www.cdc.gov/nonpharmaceutical-interventions/tools-resources/educational-materials.html. Accessed November 12, 2018.Google Scholar