Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T00:37:16.488Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of the 2011 Revolution on Hospital Disaster Preparedness in Yemen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2015

Saleem Ahmed Aladhrai ,
Ahmadreza Djalali ,
Francesco Della Corte ,
Mohammed Alsabri ,
Nahid Karrar El-Bakri  and
Pier Luigi Ingrassia
Saleem Ahmed Aladhrai
Affiliation:
King Fahad Medical City, Thamar University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Ahmadreza Djalali*
Affiliation:
Center for Research and Education in Emergency and Disaster Medicine - CRIMEDIM, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
Francesco Della Corte
Affiliation:
Center for Research and Education in Emergency and Disaster Medicine - CRIMEDIM, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
Mohammed Alsabri
Affiliation:
Althawra Modren General Hospital, Sanaa, Yemen
Nahid Karrar El-Bakri
Affiliation:
Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Pier Luigi Ingrassia
Affiliation:
Center for Research and Education in Emergency and Disaster Medicine - CRIMEDIM, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Ahmadreza Djalali, CRIMEDIM - Center for Research and Education in Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, via Lanino 1, 28100 Novara, Italy (e-mail: djalali@med.unipmn.it).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective

Hospitals are expected to serve the medical needs of casualties in the face of a disaster or other crisis, including man-made conflicts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the 2011 Yemeni revolution on hospital disaster preparedness in the capital city of Sana’a.

Methods

The study was conducted in September 2011 and 2013. For evaluation purposes, the hospital emergency response checklist published by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used. Additional information was also obtained to determine what steps were being taken by hospital authorities to improve hospital preparedness.

Results

The study selected 11 hospitals. At the time of the first evaluation, 7 hospitals were rated “unacceptable” for level of preparedness and 4 were rated “insufficient,” receiving a WHO checklist rating of 10 to 98. At the second evaluation, 5 hospitals were rated “unacceptable,” 3 “insufficient,” and 1 “effective,” receiving a rating of 9 to 134.

Conclusions

Unfortunately, this study shows that between 2011 and 2013, no significant progress was made in hospital disaster preparedness in Sana’a. In a disaster-prone country like Yemen, the current situation calls for drastic improvement. Health system authorities must take responsibility for issuing strategic plans as well as standards, guidelines, and procedures to improve hospital disaster preparedness. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;9:396–402)

Keywords

disastersrevolutionhospital preparednessYemen
Type
Concepts in Disaster Medicine
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , August 2015 , pp. 396 - 402
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Natural Disasters Trends. EM-DAT. The International Disaster Database website. http://www.emdat.be/natural-disasters-trends. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
2. The Economic and Human Impact of Disasters in the last 12 years. PreventionWeb. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/25833_20120318disaster20002011v2.pdf. Data version January 10, 2012. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
3. Barbera, JA, Yeatts, DJ, Macintyre, AG. Challenge of hospital emergency preparedness: analysis and recommendations. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(2):S74-S82.Google Scholar
4. Djalali, A, Castren, M, Khankeh, H, et al. Hospital disaster preparedness as measured by functional capacity: a comparison between Iran and Sweden. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(5):454-461.Google Scholar
5. Lynn, M, Gurr, D, Memon, A, et al. Management of conventional mass casualty incidents: Ten Commandments for hospital planning. J Burn Care Res. 2006;27(5):649-658.Google Scholar
6. Sorensen, BS, Zane, RD, Wante, BE, et al. Ho spital Emergency Response Checklist: An All-Hazards Tool for Hospital Administrators and Emergency Managers . Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; 2011. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/148214/e95978.pdf. Accessed August 2011.Google Scholar
7. Lower middle income countries. The World Bank website. http://data.worldbank.org/income-level/LMC. Accessed January 2014.Google Scholar
8. Disaster Risk Management Programs for Priority Countries. The World Bank & The International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, 2009. http://www.unisdr.org/files/14757_6thCGCountryProgramSummaries1.pdf. Accessed January 2014.Google Scholar
9. Human Development Report. 2013. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/14/hdr2013_en_complete.pdf. Accessed January 2014.Google Scholar
10. Country Profile: Yemen. August. 2008. Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Yemen.pdf. Published August 2008. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
11. Al Serouri, A, Øvretveit, J, Al-Mudhwahi, AA, et al. Strengthening Health Systems in Yemen: Review of Evidence and Implications for Effective Actions for the Poor. Health Management - Different Approaches and Solutions. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/24993.pdf. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
12. National progress report on the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action, (2009-2011), Yemen. PreventionWeb. http://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/asia/yem/. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
13. Natural Disasters in the Middle East and North Africa: A Regional Overview, 2014. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/01/19203331/natural-disasters-middle-east-north-africa-regional-overview. Accessed May 2014.Google Scholar
14. Yemen - Disaster Statistics. PreventionWeb. http://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/statistics/?cid=191. Accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
15. 1994 civil war in Yemen. Wikipedia website. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_civil_war_in_Yemen. Accessed April 2014.Google Scholar
16. Yemeni Revolution. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemeni_Revolution. Accessed April 2014.Google Scholar
17. Fuady, A, Pakasi, TA, Mansyur, M. Primary Health Centre disaster preparedness after the earthquake in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4:81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Li, X, Huang, J, Zhang, H. An analysis of hospital preparedness capacity for public health emergency in four regions of China: Beijing, Shandong, Guangxi, and Hainan. BMC Public Health. 2008;20(8):319.Google Scholar
19. Top, M, Gider, O, Tas, Y. An investigation of hospital disaster preparedness in Turkey. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. 2010;7(1):Article 69.Google Scholar
20. Djalali, A, Ardalan, A, Ohlen, G, et al. Nonstructural safety of hospitals for disasters: a comparison between two capital cities. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2014;8:179-184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Llanes-Burón, C, Rivada-Vazquez, ML, Cruz-Vega, F, et al. Hospital Safety Index: Guide for Evaluators. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization; 2008. http://www.paho.org/english/dd/ped/SafeHosEvaluatorGuideEng.pdf. Accessed April 2014.Google Scholar
22. Ruter, A, Nilsson, H, Vilkstrom, T. Performance indicators as quality control for testing and evaluating hospital management groups: a pilot study. Prehosp Disast Med. 2006;21(6):423-426.Google Scholar
23. Djalali, A, Carenzo, L, Ragazzoni, L, et al. Does hospital disaster preparedness predict response performance during a fullscale exercise? A pilot study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(5):1-7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24. Ballantyne, B. Medical management of the traumatic consequences of civil unrest incidents: causation, clinical approaches, needs and advanced planning criteria. Toxicol Rev. 2006;25(3):155-197.Google Scholar
25. Kaji, AH, Langford, V, Lewis, RJ. Assessing hospital disaster preparedness: a comparison of an on-site survey, directly observed drill performance, and video analysis of teamwork. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52(3):195-201.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26. Djalali, A, Castren, M, Hosseinijenab, V, et al. Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) performance in Iran: decision making during disasters. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2012;6:20(1):14.Google Scholar
27. Keim, M. Key topics for emergency health education in the Pacific. Pac Health Dialog. 2002;9(1):104-108.Google Scholar
28. Arnold, JL, Paturas, J, Rodoplu, U. Measures of effectiveness of hospital incident command system performance. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2005;20(3):202-205.Google Scholar
29. Matsumoto, H, Motomura, T, Hara, Y, et al. Lessons learned from the aeromedical disaster relief activities following the great East Japan earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(2):166-169.Google Scholar
30. Ozoilo, KN, Pam, IC, Yiltok, SJ, et al. Challenges of the management of mass casualty: lessons learned from the Jos crisis of 2001. World J Emerg Surg. 2013;8(1):44.Google Scholar
31. Achour, N. Estimation of Malfunctioning of a Healthcare Facility in Case of Earthquake [thesis]. Kanazawa, Japan: School of Natural Science and Technology, Division of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kanazawa University; 2007.http://dspace.lib.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2297/3747/4/EMHFCE-Nebil_Achour.pdf. Accessed January, 2014.Google Scholar
32. Hospital Incident Command System Guidebook, 2006. The California Emergency Medical Services Authority (EMSA). http://www.emsa.ca.gov/Media/Default/Word/Guidebook_Glossary.pdf. Accessed January 2014.Google Scholar
33. Roccaforte, JD, Cushman, JG. Disaster preparedness, triage, and surge capacity for hospital definitive care areas: optimizing outcomes when demands exceed resources. Anesthesiol Clin. 2007;25(1):161-177.Google Scholar
34. Barbisch, DF, Koenig, KL. Understanding surge capacity: essential elements. Acad Emerg Med. 2006;13(11):1098-1102.Google Scholar
35. Hick, JL, Barbera, JA, Kelen, GD. Refining surge capacity: conventional, contingency, and crisis capacity. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(2):S59-S67.Google Scholar
36. Kelen, GD, McCarthy, ML, Kraus, CK, et al. Creation of surge capacity by early discharge of hospitalized patients at low risk for untoward events. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(2):S10-S16.Google Scholar
37. Gray, BH, Hebert, K. Hospitals in Hurricane Katrina: challenges facing custodial institutions in a disaster. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2007;18(2):283-298.Google Scholar
38. Bagaria, J, Heggie, C, Abrahams, J, et al. Evacuation and sheltering of hospitals in emergencies: a review of international experience. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2009;24(5):461-467.Google Scholar
39. Achour, N, Miyajima, M, Kitaura, M, et al. Earthquake induced structural and nonstructural damage in hospitals. Earthquake Spectra. 2011;27(3):617-634.Google Scholar
40. Stander, M, Wallis, LA, Smith, WP. Hospital disaster planning in the Western Cape, South Africa. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2011;26(4):283-288.Google Scholar
41. Zhong, S, Hou, XY, Clark, M, et al. Disaster resilience in tertiary hospitals: a cross-sectional survey in Shandong Province, China. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;25(14):135.Google Scholar
42. Sauer, LM, McCarthy, ML, Knebel, A, et al. Major influences on hospital emergency management and disaster preparedness. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(2):S68-S73.Google Scholar
43. Archer, F, Seynaeve, G. International guidelines and standards for education and training to reduce the consequences of events that may threaten the health status of a community. A report of an Open International WADEM Meeting, Brussels, Belgium, 29-31 October, 2004. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2007;22(2):120-130.Google Scholar
44. Djalali, A, Hosseinijenab, V, Hasani, A, et al. A fundamental, national, disaster management plan: An education based model. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2009;24(6):565-569.Google Scholar
45. Ingrassia, PL, Foletti, M, Djalali, A, et al. Education and Training Initiatives for Crisis Management in the European Union: A Web-based Analysis of Available Programs. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(2):115-126.Google Scholar
46. Achour, N, Price, ADF. Resilience strategies of healthcare facilities: present and future. Int J Disaster Resilience Built Environment. 2010;1(3):264-276.Google Scholar