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Water contents of felsic melts: application to the rheological properties of granitic magmas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

F. Holtz ,
B. Scaillet ,
H. Behrens ,
F. Schulze  and
M. Pichavant
F. Holtz
Affiliation:
Francois Holtz. Bruno Scaillet and Michel Pichavant, Centre de Recherches sur la Synthèse et la Chimie des Minéraux, CRSCM-CNRS, 1A, rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orleans, France
B. Scaillet
Affiliation:
Francois Holtz. Bruno Scaillet and Michel Pichavant, Centre de Recherches sur la Synthèse et la Chimie des Minéraux, CRSCM-CNRS, 1A, rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orleans, France
H. Behrens
Affiliation:
Harald Behrens and Frank Schulze. Institut für Mineralogie, Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hanover, Germany
F. Schulze
Affiliation:
Harald Behrens and Frank Schulze. Institut für Mineralogie, Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hanover, Germany
M. Pichavant
Affiliation:
Francois Holtz. Bruno Scaillet and Michel Pichavant, Centre de Recherches sur la Synthèse et la Chimie des Minéraux, CRSCM-CNRS, 1A, rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orleans, France
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Abstract:

New experimental determinations of water solubility in haplogranitic melts (anhydrous compositions in the system Qz-Ab-Or and binary joins) and of the viscosity of hydrous Qz28Ab38Or34 melts (normative proportions) and natural peraluminous leucogranitic melt (Gangotri, High Himalaya) are used to constrain the evolution of viscosity of ascending magmas, depending on their P-T paths.

At constant pressure, in the case of fluid-absent melting conditions, with water as the main volatile dissolved in the melts, the viscosity of melts generated from quartzo-feldspathic protoliths is lower at low temperature than at, high temperature (difference of 1-2 log units between 700 and 900°C). This is due to the higher water contents of the melts at low temperature than at high temperature and to the fact that decreasing temperature does not counterbalance the effect of increasing melt water content. In ascending magmas generated from crustal material the magma viscosity does not change significantly whatever the P-T path followed (i.e. path with cooling and crystallisation; adiabatic path with decompression melting) as long as the crystal fraction is low enough to assume a Newtonian behaviour (30-50% crystals, depending on size and shape). Comparison of the properties of natural and synthetic systems suggests that both water solubility and the viscosity of multicomponent natural felsic melts (with less than 30-35% normative Qz) can be extrapolated from those of the equivalent synthetic feldspar melts.

Keywords

water solubilityviscosityaluminosilicate meltsgranitescrystallisation paths
Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 87 , Issue 1-2: Third Hutton Symposium. The Origin of Ganites and Related Rocks , 1996 , pp. 57 - 64
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1996

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