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Prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in a rural area in Bangladesh

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2006

K. ZAMAN
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. YUNUS
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
S. E. ARIFEEN
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
A. H. BAQUI
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
D. A. SACK
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
S. HOSSAIN
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Z. RAHIM
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. ALI
Affiliation:
International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, Korea
S. BANU
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
M. A. ISLAM
Affiliation:
Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
N. BEGUM
Affiliation:
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
V. BEGUM
Affiliation:
National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTP), DGHS, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
R. F. BREIMAN
Affiliation:
International Emerging Infections Program, CDC – Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
R. E. BLACK
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Abstract

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The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in a rural area in Bangladesh at Matlab. A TB surveillance system was established among 106000 people in rural Bangladesh at Matlab. Trained field workers interviewed all persons aged [ges ]15 years to detect suspected cases of TB (cough>21 days) and sputum specimens of suspected cases were examined for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Of 59395 persons interviewed, 4235 (7·1%) had a cough for >21 days. Sputum specimens were examined for AFB from 3834 persons, 52 (1·4%) of them were positive for AFB. The prevalence of chronic cough and sputum positivity were significantly higher among males compared to females (P<0·001). The population-based prevalence rate of smear-positive TB cases was 95/100000 among persons aged [ges ]15 years. Cases of TB clustered geographically (relative risk 5·53, 95% CI 3·19–9·59). The high burden of TB among rural population warrants appropriate measures to control TB in Bangladesh. The higher prevalence of persistent cough and AFB-positive sputum among males need further exploration. Factors responsible for higher prevalence of TB in clusters should be investigated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press