A short overview is presented of several topics concerning the evolution of the Milky Way (MW) in a cosmological context. In particular, the metallicity distribution of the MW halo is derived analytically and the halo metallicity and abundance patterns are compared to those of Local Group galaxies. The inside-out formation of the MW disk is supported by the observed evolution of the abundance gradients, while their magnitude suggests that the role of the Galactic bar has been negligible. Finally, the empirical foundations (age-metallicity relation and metallicity distribution) of the evolution of the solar neighbourhood, which is the best studied galactic sub-system, have been seriously questioned recently.