(1) Which, by 1930, equalled Canada in leading the world's exports in grain and attracting massive European investment; like Canada, too, it boasted a low population density, very few indigenous peoples of contrasting tribal culture and an influx of hard-working European immigrants.

(2) We use the term rationality in Weber's Ecosense, to refer to the economic calculation of the capitalist.

(3) See, for instance, Adams, Dale, Mobilizing rural household savings through rural financial markets, Economic Development and Cultural Change, XXVI (1978), 547–560CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Gurley, John and Shaw, Edward, Financial intermediaries and the saving-investment process, Journal of Finance, II (1956), 37–51;Google ScholarMcKinnon, R., Money, Capital and Economic Development (Washington, D.C., The Brookings institution, 1973)Google Scholar;Patrick, H., Financial development and economic growth in underdeveloped countries, Economic Development and Cultural Change, XIV (1966), 174–189CrossRefGoogle ScholarShaw, E., Financial Deepening in Economic Development (New York, Oxford University Press, 1973)Google Scholar; Gupta, G. Singh and Singh, B., Pattern of voluntary savings in India, Savings and Development, II (1978), 224–234Google Scholar; Pischke, J. D. von, Towards an operational approach to savings for rural development, Savings and Development, II (1978), 43–60Google Scholar; Wai, U. Tun, Financial Intermediaries and National Savings in Developing Countries (New York, Praeger, 1972)Google Scholar.

(4) Landes, D., Technological change and industrial development—Europe 1750–1914, in Habakkuk, and Postam, (eds), Cambridge Economic History of Europe (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1965), Vol. VI, part I, P. 307.Google Scholar

(5) Rabb, Theodore, The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe (New York, Oxford University Press, 1975), pp. 61 ffGoogle Scholar.

(6) Goodell, Grace, From status to contract: the significance of agrarian relations of production in the West, Japan and ‘Asiatic’ Persia, European Journal of Sociotract logy, XXI (1980), 285–325Google Scholar.

(7) Ahensberg, C. M., Culture as behavior: structure and emergence, Annual Review of Anthropology, I (1972), p. 20Google Scholar.

(8) Weber, Max, The social psychology of the world religions, in Gerth, and Mills, (eds), From Max Weber (New York, Oxford University Press, 1946), p. 293Google Scholar.

(9) John Davies, quoted in Pocock, P. G. A., The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law (New York, Norton Co., 1967), pp. 32–33Google Scholar.

(10) See Selioman, , Helplessness (San Francisco, W. H. Freeman and Co., 1975). p. 36Google Scholar.

(11) Fishman, Robert, The labor movement in transition to Spanish democracy (Seminar at Harvard University, 05 1982)Google Scholar.

(12) Macaulay, Steward, Non-contrac-tual relations in business, American Sociological Review, XXVIII (1963), p. 55CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

(13) See Goodell, , The Elementary Strucment tures of Political Life (Ph. D. Dissertation, Columbia University, 1978), pp. 363 ffGoogle Scholar.

(14) See Savigny, F. C., Of the Vocation of our Age for Legislation and Jurisprudence, transl. by Hayward, A. (London, Littlewood and Co., 1881)Google Scholar.

(15) Loehh, W. and Powelson, J., The Economics of Development and Distribution (New York, Harcourt, Brace and Jovanovitch, 1981), pp. 360 ff.Google Scholar

(16) See Hihschman, A., Strategy of Economic Development (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1959)Google Scholar.

(17) Allen, G. C., The Industrial Development of Birmingham (London, C. Allen, 1929), pp. 137, 158, 171, 240Google Scholar.

(18) Dobb, M., Studies in the Development of Capitalism (London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1946), p. 22Google Scholar.

(19) Ibid. pp. 265 ff.

(20) Landes, , op. cit. p. 303Google Scholar.

(21) Ibid. pp. 304–5.

(22) Powelson, J., Population growth and unemployment in Africa, Cultures et diveloppement (Louvain, Université catholique, 1978), p. 6Google Scholar.

(23) Landes, , op. cit., p. 344Google Scholar.

(24) Ibid. p. 372.

(25) Mitigating against the early and quite efficacious vitality of the labor movement in the eighteenth century and first half of the nineteenth were many factors. These included the political system's unresponsiveness to the lower orders' demands, but also: a) the putting-out system which dispersed labor in distant, isolated places, and left workers unfamiliar with commonly-experienced complaints; b)the vast immigration of Irish workers at the peak of the period, to regions of heaviest industrialization; these workers did not bring with them the British farming population's staunch organizational skills and experience, and as foreigners they were much more easily intimidated; c) the century-long persistence of paternalistic measures such as the Poor Laws, etc.; d) the generally high wages (which in fact served as a stimulus for the invention of machinery).

Yet despite these obstacles, by 1860 unions had become very powerful. See Landes, , op. cit. p. 344Google Scholar;and Allen, , op. cit. pp. 170–1, 206 ffGoogle Scholar.

(26) See Dobb, , op. cit. p. 265 ff.Google Scholar

(27) Schlumbohm, J., Relations of production, in Kriedte, et al. , Industrialization before Industrialization (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1981), pp. 108–136Google Scholar.

(28) Op. cit. p. 106.

(29) Allen, , op. cit. pp. 206 ffGoogle Scholar.

(30) This should explain why the current political science concept of ‘corporatism’, by which the State coopts intermediate structures into its orbit, cannot in the long term provide the requisite underpinnings of development. The State cannot carry out its mandate to ‘coordinate’, as referee, if it is also a major player. Though technostructures crats despise it, the tension between center and periphery is essential.

(31) The important role of religion, law, and of participating checks and balances Haragainst centralized power is dramatically documented in Berman's, Harold new volume, Law and Revolution: the formation of the Western legal tradition (Cambridge, Haragainst vard University Press, 1983)Google Scholar.