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La consulta neuropsiquiátrica en pacientes con retraso mental: un informe clínico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

W. M. A. Verhoeven  and
S. Tuinier
W. M. A. Verhoeven
Affiliation:
Instituto Vincent van Gogh para Psiquiatría, Venray, Países Bajos
S. Tuinier
Affiliation:
Instituto Vincent van Gogh para Psiquiatría, Venray, Países Bajos
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Resumen

El presente estudio describe los resultados de las consultas neuropsiquiátricas en 70 pacientes con retraso mental institucionalizados. Sobre la base de su queja principal, se asignó a los pacientes a ocho categorías solapadas. Se establecieron diagnósticos de una cierta probabilidad durante reuniones de consenso multidisciplinares y se llevó a cabo la clasificación según los criterios de la CIE-10. En diez pacientes el retraso mental estaba relacionado con un síndrome específico; en 40 pacientes habia crisis o comorbilidad somática. Los diagnósticos psiquiátricos más frecuentes fueron: trastorno afectivo bipolar no especificado (n = 14), trastorno depresivo (n = 6), trastorno del control de los impulsos (n = 12), trastorno psicótico cicloide, transitorio o esquizoafectivo (n = 14), y autismo (atípico) (n = 7). La historia reciente reveló que la presencia de efectos secundarios graves de los psicotropos o de interacciones farmacocinéticas era elevada. La interventión farmacológica apropiada dio lugar a una mejora de la condición conductual aproximadamente en la mitad de los pacientes. Se subraya que los trastomos psiquiátricos se presentan con frecuencia con manifestaciones psicopatológicas atipicas y que es muy probable que los trastomos secundarios al estrés y la ansiedad no se diagnostiquen lo suficiente.

Keywords

retraso mentaldiagnóstico neuropsiquiátricotrastorno afectivo bipolarpsicosis cicloide
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 4 , Issue 8 , November 1997 , pp. 546 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1997

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