Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-20T17:34:45.356Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Psychopathology and personality traits in psychotic patients and their first-degree relatives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

M.J. Cortés ,
J. Valero ,
J.A. Gutiérrez-Zotes ,
A. Hernández ,
L. Moreno ,
M. Jariod ,
L. Martorell ,
E. Vilella  and
A. Labad
M.J. Cortés
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
J. Valero*
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
J.A. Gutiérrez-Zotes
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
A. Hernández
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
L. Moreno
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain
M. Jariod
Affiliation:
Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
L. Martorell
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
E. Vilella
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
A. Labad
Affiliation:
Unitat de Psiquiatria i Psicologia Mèdica, Department Medicina i Cirurgia, Fac. Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Spain Department de Formació i Investigació, Hospital Psiquiàtric Universitari Institut Pere Mata, Crta. de l’Institut Pere Mata s/n, 43206, Reus, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 977338565; fax: +34 977310021. E-mail address: valeroj@peremata.com (J. Valero).
Get access

Abstract

Personality dimensions have been associated with symptoms dimensions in schizophrenic patients (SP). In this paper we study the relationships between symptoms of functional psychoses and personality dimensions in SP and their first-degree relatives (SR), in other psychotic patients (PP) and their first-degree relatives (PR), and in healthy controls in order to evaluate the possible clinical dimensionality of these disorders. Twenty-nine SP, 29 SR, 18 PP, 18 PR and 188 controls were assessed using the temperament and character inventory (TCI-R). Current symptoms were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) using the five-factor model described previously (positive [PF], negative [NF], disorganized [DF], excitement [EF] and anxiety/depression [ADF]). Our TCI-R results showed that patients had different personality dimensions from the control group, but in relatives, these scores were not different from controls. With regard to symptomatology, we highlight the relations observed between harm avoidance (HA) and PANSS NF, and between self-transcendence (ST) and PANSS PF. From a personality traits-genetic factors point of view, schizophrenia and other psychosis may be initially differentiated by temperamental traits such as HA. The so-called characterial traits like ST would be associated with the appearance of psychotic symptoms.

Keywords

SchizophreniaPsychosisTemperamentCharacterPersonalitySymptoms
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 24 , Issue 7 , October 2009 , pp. 476 - 482
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV. 4th ed. Washington: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.Google Scholar
Bagby, RMBindsei, KDSchuller, DRRector, NAYoung, LTCooke, RGet al.Relationship between the five-factor model of personality and unipolar, bipolar and schizoprhenic patients. Psychiatry Res 1997;70(2):83–94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayón, CHill, KSvrakic, DMPrzybeck, TRCloninger, CRDimensional assessment of personality in an out-patient sample: relations of the systems of Millon and Cloninger. J Psychiatr Res 1996;30(5):341–352CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, MDLysaker, PHBeam-Goulet, JLMilstein, RMLindenmayer, JPFive-component model of schizophrenia: assessing the factorial invariance of the positive and negative syndrome scale. Psychiatry Res 1994;52(3):295–303CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berenbaum, HFujita, FSchizophrenia and personality: exploring the boundaries and connections between vulnerability and outcome. J Abnorm Psychol 1994;103(1):148–158CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bora, EVeznedaroglu, BTemperament and character dimensions of the relatives of schizophrenia patients and controls: The relationship between schizotypal features and personality. Eur Psychiatry 2007;22(1):27–31CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bühler, BHambrecht, MLöffler, Wan der Heiden, WHäfner, HPrecipitation and determination of the onset and course of schizophrenia by substance abuse: a retrospective and prospective study of 232 population-based first illness episodes. Schizophr Res 2002;54(3):243–251CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, LJChapman, JPKwapil, TREckblad, MZinser, MCPutatively psychosis-prone subjects 10 years later. J Abnorm Psychol 1994;103(2):171–183CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, CRPryzbeck, TRSvrakic, DMWetzel, RDThe Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): a guide to its development and use 1994 Center for Psychobioloby of Personality, Washington University St Louis, MoGoogle Scholar
Cloninger, CRSvrakic, DMBayón, CPryzbeck, TRMeasurement of psychopatology as variants of personalityCloninger, CRPersonality and psychopatology 1999 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC33–65Google Scholar
Cloninger, CRSvrakic, DMPrzybeck, TRA psychobiological model of temperament and character. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(12):975–990CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, CRA systemathic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44(6):573–588CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cloninger, CRA unified biosocial theory of personality and its role in the development of anxiety states. Psychiatr Dev 1986;4(3):167–226Google ScholarPubMed
Daneluzzo, EStratta, PRossi, AThe contribution of temperament and character to schizotypy multidimensionality. Compr Psychiatry 2005;46(1):50–55CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Docherty, ARSponheim, SRAnhedonia as a phenotype for the Val158Met COMT polymorphism in relatives of patients with schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 2008;117(4):788–798CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dollfus, SPetit, MLeiseur, PMenard, JPPrincipal component analysis of PANSS and SANS-SAPS global ratings in schizophrenic patients. Eur Psychiatry 1991;6:251–259Google Scholar
Emsley, RRabinowitz, JTorreman, MRIS-INT-35 Early Psychosis Global Working Group The factor structure for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in recent-onset psychosis. Schizophr Res 2003;61(1):47–57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fanous, AGardner, CWalsh, DKendler, KSRelationship between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and schizotypal symptoms in nonpsychotic relatives. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001;58(7):669–673CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Farabaugh, AOngur, DFava, MHamill, SKBurns, AMAlpert, JPersonality disorders and the trimensional personality questionnaire factors in major depressive disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2005;193(11):747–750CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fresán, Ade la Fuente-Sandoval, CLoyzaga, CGarcía-Anaya, MMeyenberg, NNicolini, Het al.A forced five-dimensional factor analysis and concurrent validity of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in Mexican schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Res 2005;72(2–3):123–129CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glatt, SJStone, WSFaraone, SVSeidman, LJTsuang, MTPsychopathology, personality traits and social development of young first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2006;189:337–345CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gottesman, IIShields, JSchizophrenia and genetics: A twin study vantage point 1972 Academic Press New YorkGoogle Scholar
Guillem, FBicu, MSemkovska, MDebruille, JBThe dimensional symptom structure of schizophrenia and its association with temperament and character. Schizophr Res 2002;56(1–2):137–147CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gutiérrez-Zotes, JABayón, CMontserrat, CValero, JLabad, ACloninger, CRet al.Inventario del Temperamento y el Carácter-revisado (TCI-R). Baremación y datos normativos en una muestra de población general. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2004;32(1):8–15Google Scholar
Gutiérrez-Zotes, JACortés, MJValero, JPeña, JLabad, APropiedades psicométricas de la versión española abreviada del TCI-R (TCI-140) y su relación con las escalas de la personalidad psicopatológica (MMPI-2 PSY-5) en pacientes. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2005;33(4):231–237Google Scholar
Hansenne, MReggers, JPinto, EKjiri, KAjamier, AAnsseau, MTemperament and character inventory (TCI) and depression. J Psychiatr Res 1999;33(1):31–36CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horan, WPReise, SPSubotnik, KLVentura, JNuechterlein, KHThe validity of Psychosis Proneness Scales as vulnerability indicators in recent-onset schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Res 2008;100(1–3):224–236CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, SRSevy, SPyramidical model of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1990;16(3):537–545CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, KSLieberman, JAWalsh, DThe Structured Interview for Schizotypy (SIS): a preliminary report. Schizophr Bull 1989;15(4):559–571CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, KSMcGuire, MGruenberg, AMWalsh, DSchizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study. Their factor structure and familial relationship with psychotic and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52(4):296–303CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kentros, MSmith, TEHull, JMcKee, MTerkelsen, KCapalbo, CStability of personality traits in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: a pilot project. J Nerv Ment Dis 1997;185(9):549–555CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kurs, RFarkas, HRitsner, MQuality of life and temperament factors in schizophrenia: comparative study of patients, their siblings and controls. Qual Life Res 2005;14(2):433–440CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lançon, CAghababian, VLlorca, PMAuquier, PFactorial structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): a forced five-dimensional factor analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998;98(5):369–376CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lindenmayer, JPGrochowski, SHyman, RBFive-factor model of schizophrenia: replication across samples. Schizophr Res 1995;14(3):229–234CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litt, MDBabor, TFDelBoca, FKKadden, RMCooney, NLTypes of alcoholics. II. Application of an empirically derived typology to treatment matching. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49(8):609–614Google Scholar
Lykouras, LOulis, PPsarros, KDaskalopoulou, EBotsis, AChristodoulou, GNet al.Five -factor model of schizophrenic pathology: how valid is it?. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;250(2):93–100CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lysaker, PHBell, MDKaplan, EGreig, TCBryson, GJPersonality and psychopathology in schizophrenia: the association between personality traits and symptoms. Psychiatry 1999;62(1):36–48CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacDonald, DAHolland, DExamination of the psychometric properties of the temperament and character inventory self-transcendence dimension. Pers Individ Diff 2002;32(6):1013–1027CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mata, ISham, PCGilvarry, CMJones, PBLewis, SWMurray, RMChildhood schizotypy and positive symptoms in schizophrenic patients predict schizotypy in relatives. Schizophr Res 2000;44(2):129–136CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meehl, PESchizotaxia, schizotypy, schizophrenia. Am Psychol 1962;17:827–838CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meehl, PEToward an integrated theory of schizotaxia, schizotypy and schizophrenia. J Pers Disord 1990;4:1–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miettunen, JVeijola, JLauronen, EKantojarvi, LJoukamaa, MSex differences in Cloninger's temperament dimensions--a meta-analysis. Compr Psychiatry 2007;48(2):161–169CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peralta, VCuesta, MJPsychometric properties of the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 1994;53(1):31–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peralta, VCuesta, MJValidación de la escala de los síndromes positivos y negativos (PANSS) en una muestra de esquizofrénicos. Actas Luso Esp Neurol Psiquiatr Cienc Afines 1994;22:171–177Google Scholar
Pujol, JLópez, ADeus, JCardoner, NVallejo, JCapdevila, Aet al.Anatomical variability of the anterior cingulate gyrus and basic dimensions of human personality. Neuroimage 2002;15(4):847–855CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramanaiah, NVRielage, JKCheng, YCloninger's temperament and character inventory and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Psychol Rep 2002;90:1059–1063CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ritsner, MSusser, ETemperament types are associated with weak self-construct, elevated distress and emotion-oriented coping in schizophrenia: evidence for a complex vulnerability marker?. Psychiatry Res 2004;128(3):219–228CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, DJDuffy, LStewart, MEMuir, WJBlackwood, DHHigh harm avoidance and low self-directedness in euthymic young adults with recurrent, early-onset depression. J Affect Disord 2005;87(1):83–89CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, MJCloninger, CRHarms, MPCsernansky, JGTemperament and character as schizophrenia-related endophenotypes in non-psychotic siblings. Schizophr Res 2008;104(1-3):198–205CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stompe, TWillinger, GFischer, GMeszaros, KBerger, PStrobl, Ret al.The unified biosocial model of personality in schizophrenia families and controls. Psychopathology 1998;31(1):45–51CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Strakowski, SMFaedda, GLTohen, MGoodwin, DCStoll, ALPossible affective-state dependence of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire in first-episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res 1992;41(3):215–226CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schürhoff, FSzöke, AChevalier, FRoy, IMéary, ABellivier, Fet al.Schizotypal dimensions: an intermediate phenotype associated with the COMT high activity allele. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007;144B(1):64–68CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Svrakic, DMWhitehead, CPrzybeck, TRCloninger, CRDifferential diagnosis of personality disorders by the seven factor model of temperament and character. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(12):991–999CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Szöke, ASchürhoff, FFerhadian, NBellivier, FRouillon, FLeboyer, MTemperament in Schizophrenia: a study of the tridimensional personality questionnaire (TPQ). Eur Psychiatry 2002;17(7):379–383CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tien, AYCosta, PTEaton, WWCovariance of personality, neurocognition, and schizophrenia spectrum traits in the community. Schizophr Res 1992;7(2):149–158CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsuang, MTGenotypes, phenotypes and the brain: A search for connections in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1993;163:299–307CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsuang, MTStone, WSFaraone, SVToward reformulating the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157(7):1041–1050CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsuang, MTStone, WSSeidman, LJFaraone, SVZimmet, SWojcik, Jet al.Treatment of nonpsychotic relatives of patients with schizophrenia: four case studies. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45(11):1412–1418CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Ammers, ECSellman, JDMulder, RTTemperament and substance abuse in schizophrenia: is there a relationship?. J Nerv Ment Dis 1997;185(5):283–288CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Os, JJones, PBNeuroticism as a risk factor for schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2001;31(6):1129–1134CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vázquez Barquero JL. Cuestionarios para la evaluación Clínica en Neuropsiquiatría: SCAN/Adaptación al español. Unidad de Investigación en Psiquiatría Social de Cantabria, Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario “Marqués de Valdecilla”, Santander, España. Madrid: M editor, 1993.Google Scholar
Zuckerman, MGood and bad humours: biochemical bases of personality and its disorders. Psychol Sci 1995;6(6):325–332CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.