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Evaluation of serotonin and serotonin transporter levels among Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2023

A. Gabryelska ,
D. Strzelecki  and
M. Sochal
A. Gabryelska*
Affiliation:
1Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders
D. Strzelecki
Affiliation:
2Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical Univesity of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
M. Sochal
Affiliation:
1Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent pauses in breathing during sleep leading to sleep fragmentation and further excessive daytime sleepiness. Therefore, OSA patients are at high risk of suffering from complications from psychiatric disorders. Serotonin is a known neurotransmitter and together with serotonin transporter (SERT) is involved in the development of depression and insomnia.

Objectives

The study aimed to evaluate serotonin and SERT levels among OSA and healthy individuals and their association with insomnia and depression symptoms.

Methods

Forty individuals following polysomnography (PSG), based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), were divided into 2 groups: the OSA group (AHI30; n=20) and the control group (AHI<5; n=20). Participants filled out questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Peripheral blood was collected in the morning after PSG. Protein concentrations were measured using ELISA. Further groups were divided into subgroups based on the standard cut-off points: without (AIS (-)) and with (AIS (+)) insomnia symptoms (AIS>5) and without (BDI (-)) and with (BDI (+)) depression symptoms BDI (BDI>19).

Results

No differences between the OSA and control groups in serotonin (128.8 (73.4 – 209.0) vs. 132.7 (69.9 – 214.6) ng/ml, p=0.805 and SERT (55.8 (39.7 – 64.80) vs. 576.4 (424.2 – 658.3) pg/ml, p=0.564) levels were observed. In OSA group SERT level correlated with AHI (r=0.409, p=0.043), desaturation index (r=0.504, p=0.024) and mean oxygen desaturation during night (r=-0.522, p=0.018), while serotonin level was associated with BMI (r=0.550, p=0.012), but not PSG parameters. Serotonin level was higher in the AIS (+) group but only in healthy individuals. Further, serotonin levels decreased in the BDI (+) group, yet this finding was observed only in the control group.

Conclusions

The results show that serotonin levels are associated with the presence of insomnia in depression, but quite interestingly only among healthy individuals. The association between oxygen desaturation and SERT levels suggests the involvement of hypoxia in the serotonin signaling pathway. Yet further studies on larger populations are needed to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the development of psychiatric complications in OSA patients.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared

Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 66 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 31st European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2023 , pp. S265 - S266
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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