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The Ediacaran ‘Miaohe Member’ of South China: new insights from palaeoredox proxies and stable isotope data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2021

Paul Bridger Open the ORCID record for Paul Bridger [Opens in a new window] ,
Simon W. Poulton ,
Ying Zhou ,
Chao Li ,
Kun Zhang  and
Graham A. Shields Open the ORCID record for Graham A. Shields [Opens in a new window]
Paul Bridger*
Affiliation:
British Geological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, LondonWC1E 6BT, UK
Simon W. Poulton
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, UK
Ying Zhou
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, LondonWC1E 6BT, UK
Chao Li
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan430074, China
Kun Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, LondonWC1E 6BT, UK
Graham A. Shields
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, LondonWC1E 6BT, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Paul Bridger, Email: pbr@bgs.ac.uk
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Abstract

Throughout the Ediacaran Period, variable water-column redox conditions persisted along productive ocean margins due to a complex interplay between nutrient supply and oceanographic restriction. These changing conditions are considered to have influenced early faunal evolution, with marine anoxia potentially inhibiting the development of the ecological niches necessary for aerobic life forms. To understand this link between oxygenation and evolution, the combined geochemical and palaeontological study of marine sediments is preferable. Located in the Yangtze Gorges region of southern China, lagoonal black shales at Miaohe preserve alga and putative metazoans, including Eoandromeda, a candidate total-group ctenophore, thereby providing one example of where integrated study is possible. We present a multi-proxy investigation into water-column redox variability during deposition of these shales (c. 560–551 Ma). For this interval, reactive iron partitioning indicates persistent water-column anoxia, while trace metal enrichments and other geochemical data suggest temporal fluctuations between ferruginous, euxinic and rare suboxic conditions. Although trace metal and total organic carbon values imply extensive basin restriction, sustained trace metal enrichment and δ15Nsed data indicate periodic access to open-ocean inventories across a shallow-marine sill. Lastly, δ13Corg values of between −35‰ and −40‰ allow at least partial correlation of the shales at Miaohe with Member IV of the Doushantuo Formation. This study provides evidence for fluctuating redox conditions in the lagoonal area of the Yangtze platform during late Ediacaran time. If these low-oxygen environments were regionally characteristic, then the restriction of aerobic fauna to isolated environments can be inferred.

Keywords

Doushantuo Formationiron speciationredox-sensitive trace metalsnitrogen isotopescarbon isotopeschemostratigraphy
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Special Issue 7: THEMATIC ISSUE: The Ediacaran System and the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition , July 2022 , pp. 1014 - 1028
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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