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IV.—The Hyracoid Pliohyrax græcus (Gaudry) from the Upper Miocene of Samos and Pikermi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

C. I. Forsyth Major
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Extract

Amongst the hosts of Antelopes, Rhinoceroses, Hipparions, etc., which form the bulk of the Pikermi fauna described in Gaudry's classical “Animaux Fossiles et Géologie de l'Attique,” the mandible of Leptodon græcus, with lower molars recalling the Palæotheres and Paloplotheres, seemed to stand out, as it were, as an anachronism. It has always appeared to me, as it may also have to others, that the occurrence of such a type in the above company (with which Orycteropus and the Ostrich are also associated, in the contemporary beds of Samos) might be accounted for in a satisfactory manner, if Leptodon could be shown to be related to the Hyraces.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 6 , Issue 12 , December 1899 , pp. 547 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1899

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References

page 547 note 2 A. Gaudry: “Animaux Fossiles et Géologie de l'Attique,” 1862, p. 215, pi. xxxiv, figs. 1, 2.

page 549 note 1 Palæontographica, vol. xxii (1873), p. 101, pi. vi.

page 549 note 2 Morphol. Jahrb., xii (1887), p. 102.

page 549 note 1 Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh. Foren. Kjöenhavn, 1882, p. 15, pl. iii.

page 549 note 2 Osborn, H. F., “Fossil Mammals of the Upper Cretaceous Beds”: Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, and Art, vol. xvii (1893)Google Scholar, pl. viii.

page 550 note 1 Bull. U.S. Geol. Geogr. Surv., vol. v (1879), p. 228; Am. Natur., vol. xiii (1879), p. 771a.

page 550 note 2 Osborn, H. F., “The Extinct Rhinoceroses”: Mem. Amer. Nat. Hist., ser. i, vol. iii (1898), pp. 87, 88Google Scholar.

page 550 note 3 There is a trace of it in some of the Oligocene Rhinoceroses, as shown in Osborn's figures of Aceratherium occidentale and A. tridactylum, op. cit., p. 109.

page 550 note 4 Other characters also, which, like those referred to, have been made use of for dividing the Hyracidse into two or three genera, prove not to be constant. Thus, a very competent writer, who, as a rule, at least of recent years, is not particularly coy when it comes to the splitting of genera or species, has “come to the conclusion that it is better on the whole to recognize only a single genus for the whole of the Hyraces.” (Thomas, O., “On the Species of the Hyracoidea”: P.Z.S. London, 1892, p. 52Google Scholar.)

page 551 note 1 Osborn, op. cit., p. 87, fig. 5.

page 551 note 2 It seems probable that what is called ‘crochet’ in the Rhinoceros-tooth is the homologue of the posterior intermediate cusp (metaconule); therefore, in those teeth in which the crochet is present as such, the inner cusp of the posterior lobe (hypocone) would appear to join directly the outer wall.

page 552 note 1 Osborn, H. F., “On Pliohyrax Kruppii, Osborn, a fossil Hyracoid, from Samos, Lower Pliocene, in the Stuttgart Collection. A new type, and the first known Tertiary Hyracoid”: Proc. Fourth Internat. Cong. Zoology, Cambridge, 22–27 August, 1898; pp. 172, 173Google Scholar, pl ii (1899).

page 552 note 2 Op. cit., pl. ii, fig. 1.

page 552 note 3 Op. cit., p. 173.

page 553 note 1 M. Schlosser, “Über neue Funde von Leptodon græcus, Gaudry, und die systematische Stellung dieses Säugethieres”: Zool. Anz., xxii, pp. 378–80, 386–7 (1899).

page 553 note 2 A. Gaudry, op. cit., p. 215.