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Some Grindstones from the Coal Measures of Yorkshire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

H. P. Lewis  and
W. J. Rees
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Extract

A few years ago Mr. W. J. Rees had occasion to analyse samples of sandstones from the Coal Measures of Yorkshire, which had been used for the grinding of tools and rough castings. As the unused portions of the original samples were still available, it was thought that a record of these analyses, accompanied by petrological descriptions of the stones, might be of interest and of use. The subject of grindstone petrology is one which appears to have received little attention in this country. Merrill, however, in 1905, gave brief descriptions of various grindstones then used in America; among these he included the “Wickersley Rock”, which here receives further attention.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 63 , Issue 1 , January 1926 , pp. 13 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1926

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References

page 13 note 1 Merrill, George P., The Non-metallic Minerals: their Occurrence and Uses, 1st ed., 1905, 388–97.Google Scholar

page 13 note 2 Ganister and crowstone, which have received full attention in recent publications of H.M. Geological Survey, are here regarded as exceptional types.

page 19 note 1 Phillips noted the presence of “schorl” needles in the quartz grains of a Lower Coal Measure Sandstone from Spinkwell Quarry, near Bradford. Phillips, J. A., “The Constitution and History of Grits and Sandstones”: Q.J.G.S., vol. xxxvii, 1881, p. 11.Google Scholar

page 19 note 2 The quantity of fresh felspar present is comparatively small, and although the heavy crops of the sandstone (see p. 25) contain such minerals as garnet, apatite, zircon, etc., these are present in such small amount that they influence in an almost insignificant degree the cutting action of the rock.

page 19 note 3 J. A. Phillips, ibid., pp. 11–12.

page 20 note 1 Amer. Journ. Sc., vol. iv, 1897, p. 399.Google Scholar

page 21 note 1 These notes and the table which accompanies them refer only to the minerals separated from the grindstone samples, except where there is a statement to the contrary.

page 23 note 1 Boswell, P. G. H., “The Petrography of the Sands of the Upper Lias and Lower Inferior Oolite in the West of England”: Geol. Mag., Vol. LXI, 06, 1924, p. 253, Fig. 2.Google Scholar

page 27 note 1 DrGilligan, A., “The Petrography of the Millstone Grit of Yorkshire”: Q.J.G.S., vol. lxxv, 1920, p. 263.Google Scholar

page 27 note 2 Professor Kendall has recorded Professor A. Gilligan's discovery of this mineral in the Yorkshire Coal Measures. See Geology of Yorkshire, 1924, p. 163.Google Scholar

page 27 note 3 See Gilligan, A., “The Lower Permian at Ashfield Brick and Tile Works, Conisborough”: Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc., xix, pp. 289–97, 1918CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Lewis, H. P., “Detrital Barytes in Permian Basal Sand at Nitticarhill”: Geol. Mag., Vol. LX, 1923, pp. 307–13CrossRefGoogle Scholar, and Versey, H. C., “The Beds underlying the Magnesian Limestone”: Report of Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc., 5th 04, 1924.Google Scholar Abs. Geol. Mag., August, 1924, Vol. LXI, pp. 380–1.