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Three-dimensional stromatolites from Maastrichtian–Danian Yacoraite Formation, Argentina: modelling and assessing hydrodynamic controls on growth patterns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 April 2021

Patricio Guillermo Villafañe ,
Carlos Cónsole-Gonella Open the ORCID record for Carlos Cónsole-Gonella [Opens in a new window] ,
Paolo Citton Open the ORCID record for Paolo Citton [Opens in a new window] ,
Ignacio Díaz-Martínez Open the ORCID record for Ignacio Díaz-Martínez [Opens in a new window]  and
Silvina de Valais Open the ORCID record for Silvina de Valais [Opens in a new window]
Patricio Guillermo Villafañe*
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, PC C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas en Lagunas Andinas (LAMIR), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, PC 4000, Tucumán, Argentina Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica (INSUGEO, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Tucumán), Avenida Presidente Peron s/n, Yerba Buena, PC 4107, Tucumán, Argentina
Carlos Cónsole-Gonella
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, PC C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica (INSUGEO, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Tucumán), Avenida Presidente Peron s/n, Yerba Buena, PC 4107, Tucumán, Argentina Institute of Paleontology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai’ an Rd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei PC 050031, China
Paolo Citton
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, PC C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG, CONICET-UNRN), Avenida Roca 1242, General Roca, PC R8332, Río Negro, Argentina
Ignacio Díaz-Martínez
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, PC C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG, CONICET-UNRN), Avenida Roca 1242, General Roca, PC R8332, Río Negro, Argentina
Silvina de Valais
Affiliation:
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, PC C1425FQB, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología (IIPG, CONICET-UNRN), Avenida Roca 1242, General Roca, PC R8332, Río Negro, Argentina
*
Author for correspondence: Patricio Guillermo Villafañe, Email: pgvillafan@gmail.com
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Abstract

Stromatolites are biogenic sedimentary structures formed by the interplay of biological (microbial composition) and environmental factors (local hydrodynamic conditions, clastic input and/or water chemistry). Well-preserved, three-dimensional (3D) fossil stromatolites are key to assessing the environmental factors controlling their growth and resulting morphology in space and time. Here, we report the detailed analysis of well-exposed, highly informative stromatolite build-ups from a single stratigraphic horizon within the Maastrichtian–Danian Yacoraite Formation (Argentina). This study focuses on the analysis of depositional processes driving intertidal to shallow subtidal stromatolites. Overall depositional architecture, external morphology and internal arrangement (mega, macro, meso and microstructures) of stromatolite build-ups were analysed and combined with 3D photogrammetric models, allowing us to decipher the links between stromatolite structure and tidal dynamics. Results suggest that external morphology and architecture of elongated and parallel clusters grew under the influence of run-off channels. The internal morphology exhibits columnar structures where the space between columns is interpreted as recharge or discharge channels. This work supports the theory that stromatolites can be used as a high-resolution tool in the assessment of water dynamics, and provides a new methodological approach and data for the dynamic reconstruction of intertidal stromatolite systems through the geological record.

Keywords

Intertidal stromatolitesYacoraite FormationMaastrichtian–Danianpalaeoenvironmental reconstruction3D modelling
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 158 , Issue 10 , October 2021 , pp. 1756 - 1772
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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