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VII.—Sketch of the Geology of British Columbia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
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Cretaceous.—Lying everywhere quite unconformably below the Tertiary beds are the Cretaceous rocks, which constitute on the coast the true Coal-bearing horizon of British Columbia. These rocks probably at one time spread much more widely along the coast than they now do, but have since been folded and disturbed during the continuation of the process of mountain elevation, and have been much reduced by denudation. Their most important area, including the coal-rnining regions of Nanaimo and Comox, may be described as forming a narrow trough along the north-east border of Vancouver Island, 130 miles in length. The rocks are sandstones, conglomerates, and shales. They hold abundance of fossil plants and marine shells in some places, and in appearance and degree of induration much resemble the true Carboniferous rocks of some parts of Eastern America.
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References
page 216 note 1 Report of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1878–79, p. 72 B.Google Scholar
page 216 note 2 For further information on the Cretaceous rocks of the coast, see Dr. Hector's report in Palliser's Exploration in North America, and Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 428. Reports of Progress, Geol. Survey of Canada, 1871–2, p. 75; 1872–3, p. 32; 1873–4, p. 94; 1874–5, p. 82; 1876–7, p. 160; the last reference being Mr. J. Richardson's complete report on the Naflaimo and Comox Basins, also pp. 119 and 144, 1878–9, p. 63b, a detailed report oh Queen Charlotte Islands by the writer.Google Scholar
page 216 note 3 Mesozoic Fossils, vol.i. part iiGoogle Scholar
page 217 note 1 Mesozoic Fossils, vol.i. part iGoogle Scholar
page 218 note 1 Report of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1876–77, p. 150.Google Scholar
page 218 note 2 I am indebted to Mr. J. F. Whiteaves for facts in regard to the palæontological evidence of the horizons of the subdivisions of the Cretaceous, communicated in advance of the publication of part iii. of the Mesozoie Fossils.
page 218 note 3 Report of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1872–73, p. 52–58.Google Scholar
page 219 note 1 Report of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1871–2, p. 52.Google Scholar
page 220 note 1 Reports of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1878–9, p. 46 B; 1876–7 p. 95.Google Scholar
page 220 note 2 Report of Progress, Geol. Surrey of Canada, 1871–2, p. 62.Google Scholar
page 221 note 1 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1879, p. 69.Google Scholar
page 222 note 1 Though the investigation of the rocks of this part of the Eocky Mountains was carried on quite independently, and reported on in1875, it has been thought desirable to refer the formations as far as possible to King's section, as being much the best hitherto published for the Eocky Mountain Eegion.Google Scholar
page 222 note 2 GeoL and Resources of 49th Parallel, p. 56.Google Scholar
page 225 note 1 Geol. Mag. 1877, p. 315.Google Scholar
page 225 note 2 See, on the latter point, Report of Progress, Geol. Survey, 1876–7, p. 158.Google Scholar
page 226 note 1 Geol. Mag. 1877, p. 314. The rocks elsewhere described were at the time the article in question was written supposed to be Jurassic.Google Scholar