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Aphrodite as Guardian of Greek Magistrates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 August 2011

F. Sokolowski
F. Sokolowski
Affiliation:
Gouvieux, France
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Extract

Among the votive inscriptions of magistrates in Greek cities there exist a number of dedications to the goddess Aphrodite. J. and L. Robert in Rev. ét. gr. 72 (1959), 229–230, draw attention to these singular pieces of evidence and explain them in reference to a characteristic of Aphrodite as a patroness of friendship and of harmony. The devotion of magistrates to the goddess of love, apart from all that we know about her in the life of antiquity, displays such an astonishing singularity that a further approach and investigation seem to be expedient.

Type
Research Article
Information
Harvard Theological Review , Volume 57 , Issue 1 , January 1964 , pp. 1 - 8
Copyright
Copyright © President and Fellows of Harvard College 1964

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References

1 IG II,2 2798. Cf. J. H. Oliver, Democratia, the Gods and the Free World (Baltimore, 1960), pp. 106–7.

2 Cf. Kruse, RE XVIII (1949), 508–10.

3 Paus. I 22, 3. Plut., Thes. 18. Athen. XIII, p. 569 D. Harpocrat. s.v. πάνδημoς 'Aϕρoδίτη.

4 Cf. J. H. Oliver, op. cit., pp. 116–17.

5 Cf. R. E. Wycherley, The Athenian Agora, Vol. III, Literary and epigraphical testimonia, pp. 53–4, 224–25.

6 IG XII suppl., pp. 161ff., nos. 390, 391, 402, 403. Bull. corr. Hell. 68–9 (1944–45), 153, nos. 3 and 4. J. Pouilloux, Recherches sur l'histoire et les cultes de Thasos, Vol. I, p. 234, nos. 24 and 25; pp. 397–98, no. 151. F. Salviat, Bull. corr. Hell. 82 (19S7), 318–25 (= SEG 17, 421–25).

7 IG XII, 5, 220, 222–23.

8 Athen. Mitt. 37 (1912), 216, no. 7. Cf. Laum, ibid. 38 (1913), 51. L. Robert, Bull. corr. Hell. 59 (193S), 485.

9 IG XI 4,1143 (cf. W. Peek, Hermes [1941], 416); 1144–46. ID 1833.

10 ID 1810. Cf. no. 1811.

11 Inscr. Cret., Vol. I, pp. 102–3, no. 2; p. 138, no. 24.

12 Maiuri, Nuova silloge, 675. Cf. Inscr. of Cos, no. 387.

13 BrMI IV 1,796. Cf. Kaibel, Epigr. gr., 783.

14 Michel, RIG 1196. Cf. OGI 525. L. Robert, Annuaire de l'inst. de l'hist. et phil. 13 (1953). 569.

15 Inscr. Didyma, no. 124.

16 L. et J. Robert, La Carie, Vol. II, p. 363, no. 185. Cf. p. 78, no. 8.

17 Inschr. von Priene, no. 183.

18 Inscr. Sardis, no. 99.

19 Bull. corr. Hell. 36 (1912), 555, nos. 10–11. Cf Haussoullier, Rev. phil. (1913), III.

20 IosPE II, 25; ibid. I, 203 (= I,2 440).

21 Robinson, D. M., AJA 37 (1933), 602–604CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Cf. L. Robert, Rev. ét. anc. 36 (1934). 521–22.

22 IG VII, 41.

23 Rev. ét. gr. 69 (1956), 134, no. 142.

24 IG IX 2 1,256.

25 Ibid., no. 252.

26 Rev. ét. gr. 57 (1944), 213, no. 119 b.

27 IG XIV, 208–11, 313. Cf. no. 401.

28 Ibid., no. 448.

29 SEG XI, 133–34.

30 Vs. 456.

31 Cf. Kleinknecht, H., Die Gebetsparodie, Tüb. Beitr. zur Altertumswiss. 27 (1937), 42–43Google Scholar.

32 Cf. W. Peek (above, note 9), p. 416.

33 F. Sokolowski, Lois sacrées de l'Asie Mineure, nos. 7, 17–8, and p. 24, note 2.

34 IG II,2 337.

35 SEG XIV, 639 c 6 and 15, e 8. I think that the ἀϕρoδίσια in the decree of Ptolemaios Euergetes II (P. Tebt. 6, 29 and 37) refers t o the tax for the cult of Aphrodite, although generally this term is otherwise understood. Cf. F. W. von Bissing, Rhein. Mus. (1944), 375; H. Herter, Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 3 (1960), 72–3. The same should be said on behalf of Syll.,3 1000, 13.

36 TAM III, 34 A, 54–8. Cf. Plut., Mor. II, 303 C.

37 Cf. IG I,2 700. JHS 16 (1896), 216, no. 5.

38 IG II,2 844 (= Syll.,3 536), 39; 1006,7; 1008,6; 1011,6; 1028 (= Syll.,3 717), 7.

39 J. H. Oliver, op. cit., pp. 103 ff.

40 V 73,3.

41 Inscr. Cret., Vol. I, p. 138, no. 24.

42 Cf. Jaeger, W., The theology of the early Greek philosophers (Oxford, 1952), pp. 64 and 138Google Scholar.

43 L. Robert, op. cit. (above, note 21). Cf. Aesch., Eum. 885; Hie. 523. Eurip., Hec. 814. Isocr. 15,249. Xenoph., Cyrop. II 3,9; III 3,8. Menander, Epitr. 338. J. H. Oliver, op. cit., pp. 108 and 115.

44 Cf. IG II,2 287,2; XI 4,1144–45; XII 5, 552; XIV, 208. L. et J. Robert, op. cit. (above, note 16), no. 185. Rev. ét. gr. 75 (1962), 195, no. 264.

45 Hell. V 4,4.

46 Cf. note 20.

47 Plut., Cim. and Luc. 1. Cf. M. P. Nilsson, Griech. Feste, pp. 374–75.

48 Cf. Inschr. von Priene, 113, 92–3. Milet, Delphinion 141,12. F. Sokolowski, op. cit. (above, note 33), no. 62 and p. 155. Cf. L. Robert, Hellenica X, pp. 56–7.

49 Plato, Sympos. 180 d. Xenoph., Sympos., VIII 9. Cf. Kruse, op. cit. (above, note 2), 509. Pease, A. Stanley, Ciceronis de natura deorum (Cambridge, Mass., 1958), Vol. II, p. 1125Google Scholar, note 59. The epithet Πάνδημoς. had been wrongly understood as meaning vulgivaga, cf. Wilamowitz, Der Glaube der Hellenen, Vol. I,3 p. 95.

50 Cf. W. Jaeger, op. cit. (above, note 42), pp. 136 and 138.

51 105, quoted and translated by J. H. Oliver, op. cit., p. 162, note 23.