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Leza, Sungu, and Samba: Digital Humanities and Early Bantu History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2022

Catherine Cymone Fourshey Open the ORCID record for Catherine Cymone Fourshey [Opens in a new window] ,
Rhonda M. Gonzales  and
Christine Saidi
Catherine Cymone Fourshey*
Affiliation:
Department of History, Department of International Relations, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
Rhonda M. Gonzales
Affiliation:
Dean of the College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, Department of History, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
Christine Saidi
Affiliation:
Department of History, Kutztown University, Kutztown, PA 19530, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: c.cymone.fourshey@bucknell.edu
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Abstract

In 2016, with the support of a three-year National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Collaborative Research Grant to research and write a precolonial African history of family, generations, and gender, we began building the Bantu Ancestral Roots Database (BARD). BARD is a digital repository of word-roots related to gender and life stage practices from over sixty Bantu languages. We developed it to assist us in our analysis of this large corpus of data that we used to write histories of people’s material and ideological inventions that cover the longue durée across multiple regions. BARD allows researchers with internet access to search for terms by entering at least three consecutive phonemes. If phonemes exist in that sequence in any of the 64 Bantu languages that BARD holds, those words and their meanings appear as results. In this article, we discuss the usefulness and complexities of Digital Humanities (DH) as research tools. We explain our methodology and research process using three reconstructed word-roots pertinent to our research on family and generations. The three word-roots we examine invite scholars to probe how to recover deep connections and linkages between people’s pasts in Africa and its Diasporas, particularly in ways that move beyond histories of the slave trade and enslavement. As we developed our open-access website African Social History and Data Across Bantu Matrilineal Communities (ASH-DABMC) and our database, BARD, we gained greater insight into the meanings encoded in our data even as we faced challenges. We hope the discussion of our experiences will provide an intellectual framework and inspire others considering digital projects.

Résumé

Résumé

En 2016, avec le soutien d’une subvention de recherche collaborative de trois ans du National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) pour rechercher et écrire une histoire africaine précoloniale de la famille, des générations et du genre, nous avons commencé à créer la base de données Bantu Ancestral Roots (BARD). BARD est un référentiel numérique de racines de mots liées au genre et aux pratiques des étapes de la vie de plus de soixante langues bantoues. Nous l’avons développé pour nous aider dans notre analyse de ce vaste corpus de données que nous avons utilisé pour écrire des histoires d’inventions matérielles et idéologiques d’individus sur la longue durée à travers plusieurs régions. BARD permet aux chercheurs ayant accès à Internet de rechercher des termes en saisissant au moins trois phonèmes consécutifs. S’ils existent dans cette séquence dans l’une des 64 langues bantoues présentes dans BARD, ces mots et leurs significations apparaissent comme des résultats. Dans cet article, nous discutons de l’utilité et de la complexité des humanités numériques (DH) en tant qu’outil de recherche. Nous expliquons notre méthodologie et notre processus de recherche en utilisant trois racines de mots reconstruites qui sont pertinentes pour notre recherche sur les familles et les générations. Les trois racines des mots que nous examinons invitent les chercheurs à retrouver des connexions et des liens profonds entre le passé des peuples d’Afrique et de ses diasporas, en particulier d’une manière qui va au-delà des histoires de la traite des esclaves et de l’esclavage. Au fur et à mesure que nous développions notre site Web en libre accès African Social History and Data Across Bantu Matrilineal Communities (ASH-DABMC) et notre base de données BARD, nous avons acquis une meilleure compréhension des significations encodées dans nos données alors même que nous faisions face à des défis. Nous espérons que la discussion sur notre expérience fournira un cadre intellectuel et inspirera d’autres personnes envisageant des projets numériques.

Keywords

BantuBARDhistorical linguisticsDiasporaepistemologyfamilygeneration
Type
Special Section on the Digital Humanities
Information
History in Africa , Volume 48 , June 2021 , pp. 103 - 131
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the African Studies Association

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