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Targeted gown and glove use to prevent Staphylococcus aureus acquisition in community-based nursing homes: A pilot study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 October 2020

Alison D. Lydecker ,
Patience A. Osei ,
Lisa Pineles ,
J. Kristie Johnson ,
Jacquelyn Meisel ,
O. Colin Stine ,
Laurence Magder ,
Ayse P. Gurses ,
Joan Hebden  and
Cagla Oruc
...Show all authors
Alison D. Lydecker
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Patience A. Osei
Affiliation:
Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Lisa Pineles
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
J. Kristie Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Jacquelyn Meisel
Affiliation:
Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
O. Colin Stine
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Laurence Magder
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Ayse P. Gurses
Affiliation:
Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Joan Hebden
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Cagla Oruc
Affiliation:
Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Lona Mody
Affiliation:
Division of Geriatric and Palliative Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Kara Jacobs Slifka
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Nimalie D. Stone
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Mary-Claire Roghmann*
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
*
Author for correspondence: Mary-Claire Roghmann, E-mail: mroghmann@som.umaryland.edu
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Abstract

Objective:

To test the feasibility of targeted gown and glove use by healthcare personnel caring for high-risk nursing-home residents to prevent Staphylococcus aureus acquisition in short-stay residents.

Design:

Uncontrolled clinical trial.

Setting:

This study was conducted in 2 community-based nursing homes in Maryland.

Participants:

The study included 322 residents on mixed short- and long-stay units.

Methods:

During a 2-month baseline period, all residents had nose and inguinal fold swabs taken to estimate S. aureus acquisition. The intervention was iteratively developed using a participatory human factors engineering approach. During a 2-month intervention period, healthcare personnel wore gowns and gloves for high-risk care activities while caring for residents with wounds or medical devices, and S. aureus acquisition was measured again. Whole-genome sequencing was used to assess whether the acquisition represented resident-to-resident transmission.

Results:

Among short-stay residents, the methicillin-resistant S. aureus acquisition rate decreased from 11.9% during the baseline period to 3.6% during the intervention period (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% CI, 0.08–0.92; P = .026). The methicillin-susceptible S. aureus acquisition rate went from 9.1% during the baseline period to 4.0% during the intervention period (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.12–1.42; P = .15). The S. aureus resident-to-resident transmission rate decreased from 5.9% during the baseline period to 0.8% during the intervention period.

Conclusions:

Targeted gown and glove use by healthcare personnel for high-risk care activities while caring for residents with wounds or medical devices, regardless of their S. aureus colonization status, is feasible and potentially decreases S. aureus acquisition and transmission in short-stay community-based nursing-home residents.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 42 , Issue 4 , April 2021 , pp. 448 - 454
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

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Footnotes

a

Authors of equal contribution.

ClinicalTrials.gov study number: NCT03319368.

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