Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-03T13:46:50.783Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis Strains: Modern Hospital Pathogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Richard P. Wenzel
Richard P. Wenzel*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
*
Box 473, UVA Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The international recognition of the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as major nosocomial pathogens dates to the late 1970s. The weight of evidence from many institutions suggests that transmission involves spread from patient to patient of the same or very similar strain and that effective control, if not elimination, involves isolation of infected and colonized patients.

More recently, a number of reports have suggested the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci as significant nosocomial pathogens. Although the organisms undoubtedly share many similarities with methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus, it is certain that biologic differences exist which are important for infection control.

Type
Research Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 7 , supplement S2: Proceedings of the Second ICI/Stuart Workshop , February 1986 , pp. 118 - 119
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Wenzel, RP: The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Editorial. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97:440–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Thompson, RL, Wenzel, RP: International recognition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Editorial. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97:925–926.Google Scholar
3.Peacock, JE, Marsik, FJ, Wenzel, RP: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Introduction and spread within a hospital. Ann Intern Med 1980; 93:526–532.Google Scholar
4.Archer, GL, Mayhall, CG: Comparison of epidemiological markers used in the investigation of an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. J Clin Microbiol 1983; 18:395–399.Google Scholar
5.Thompson, RL, Cabezudo, I, Wenzel, RP: Epidemiology of nosocomial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97:309–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Ponce de Leon, S, Wenzel, RP: Hospital acquired bloodstream infections with Staphylococcus epidermidis: Review of 100 cases. Am J Med 1984; 77:639–644.Google Scholar
7.Saravolatz, LD, Pohlod, DJ, Arking, LM: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A new source for nosocomial outbreaks. Ann Intern Med 1982; 97:325–329.Google Scholar
8.Archer, CA, Kloos, W, Parisi, JT, et al: Spectrum of Human Infection and Therapeutic Approaches. Symposium on Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. Twenty-fourth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Washington, D.C. 1984.Google Scholar
9.Kuhl, SA, Pattee, PA, Baldwin, JN: Chromosomal map location of the meth-icillin-resistance determinant in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol 1978; 135:460–465.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Berger-Bächi, B: Insertional inactivation of Staphylococcal methicillin resistance by Tn551. J Bacteriol 1983; 154:479–487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Hartman, BJ, Tomasz, A: Altered penicillin-binding proteins in methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1981; 19:720–735.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Hartman, BJ, Tomasz, A: Phenotypic expression of methicillin resistance in heterogeneous strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Abstracts of the Twenty-fourth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Las Vegas, Nevada, 1984, #5.Google Scholar
13.Rossi, L, Tonin, E, Cheng, Y, et al: Regulation of penicillin-binding protein activity: Description of a methicillin-inducible penicillin-binding protein in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 27:828–831.Google Scholar
14.Bruns, W, Keppeler, H, Baucks, R: Suppression of intrinsic resistance to penicillin in Staphylococcus aureus by Polidocanol, a dodecyl polyethyleneoxid ether. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 27:632–639.Google Scholar
15.Maki, DG, Stevens, JA: Nosocomial colonization of cardiac surgery and cardiology patients by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Abstracts of the Twenty-fourth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Las Vegas, Nerada, 1984, #472.Google Scholar
16.Archer, GL, Armstrong, BC: Alteration of Staphylococcal flora in cardiac surgery patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis J Infect Dis 1983; 147:642–649.Google Scholar
17.Christensen, GD, Simpson, WA, Bisno, AL, et al: Adherence of slime-producing strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis to smooth surfaces. Infect Immun 1982; 37:318–326.Google Scholar
18.Ishak, MA, Wenzel, RP, Laverdiere, L: Pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance among slime-producing strains of coagulase-negative Staphylococci causing nosocomial septicemia. Abstracts of the Twenty-fifth Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Minneapolis, MN, 1985, #656.Google Scholar
19.Peters, G, Locci, R, Pulverer, G: Adherence and growth of coagulase-negative staphylococci on surfaces of intravenous catheters. J Infect Dis 146:479–482.Google Scholar
20.Saroglou, G, Cromer, M, Bisno, AL: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Interstate spread of nosocomial infections with emergence of gentamicin-methicillin resistant strains. Infect Control 1980; 1:81–89.Google Scholar
21.Lyon, BR, Ivorio, JL, May, JW, et al: Molecular epidemiology of multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Australian hospitals. J Med Microbiol 1984; 17:79–84.Google Scholar