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A retrospective analysis of adverse events among patients receiving daptomycin versus vancomycin during outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2018

Gregory M. Schrank ,
Sharon B. Wright ,
Westyn Branch-Elliman  and
Mary T. LaSalvia
Gregory M. Schrank*
Affiliation:
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Sharon B. Wright
Affiliation:
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Westyn Branch-Elliman
Affiliation:
Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Mary T. LaSalvia
Affiliation:
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Divisions of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control/Hospital Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
*
Author for correspondence: Gregory Schrank, MD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave, SL-431, Boston, MA, 02215. E-mail: gschrank@bidmc.harvard.edu
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Abstract

Objective

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is a safe and effective alternative to prolonged inpatient stays for patients requiring long-term intravenous antimicrobials, but antimicrobial-associated adverse events remain a significant challenge. Thus, we sought to measure the association between choice of antimicrobial agent (vancomycin vs daptomycin) and incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs).

Methods

Patients receiving OPAT treatment with vancomycin or daptomycin for skin and soft-tissue infections, bone and joint infections, endocarditis, and bacteremia or endovascular infections during the period from July 1, 2013, through September 30, 2016, were included. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from the medical record. Logistic regression was used to compare ADEs requiring a change in or early discontinuation of therapy, hospital readmission, and emergency room visits between groups. Time from OPAT enrollment to ADE was compared using the log-rank test.

Results

In total, 417 patients were included: 312 (74·8%) received vancomycin and 105 (25·2%) received daptomycin. After adjusting for age, Charlson comorbidity index, location of OPAT treatment, receipt of combination therapy with either β-lactam or fluoroquinolone, renal function, and availability of safety labs, patients receiving vancomycin had significantly higher incidence of ADEs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3·71; 95% CI, 1·64–8·40). ADEs occurred later in the treatment course for patients treated with daptomycin (P<·01). Rates of readmission and emergency room visits were similar.

Conclusions

In the OPAT setting, vancomycin use was associated with higher incidence of ADEs than daptomycin use. This finding is an important policy consideration for programs aiming to optimize outcomes and minimize cost. Careful selection of gram-positive agents for prolonged treatment is necessary to limit toxicity.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 39 , Issue 8 , August 2018 , pp. 947 - 954
Copyright
© 2018 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. 

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