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Advanced Observations of Lunar Physical Librations and Gravitational Fields in Japanese Lunar Missions in the Near Future

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Hideo Hanada ,
Kosuke Heki ,
Nobuyuki Kawano ,
Masatugu Ooe ,
Tsuneya Tsubokawa ,
Seiitsu Tsuruta ,
Toshiaki Ishikawa ,
Hiroshi Araki ,
Koji Matsumoto  and
Takashi Takanezawa
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Hideo Hanada
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Kosuke Heki
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Nobuyuki Kawano
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Masatugu Ooe
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Tsuneya Tsubokawa
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Seiitsu Tsuruta
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Toshiaki Ishikawa
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Hiroshi Araki
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Koji Matsumoto
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Takashi Takanezawa
Affiliation:
Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Yusuke Kono
Affiliation:
Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 2-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Iwate 023-0861, Japan
Hiroshi Karoji
Affiliation:
National Astronomical Observatory, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
Takahiro Iwata
Affiliation:
National Space Development Agency of Japan, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
Yutaka Kaneko
Affiliation:
National Space Development Agency of Japan, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
Takaaki Yokoyama
Affiliation:
National Space Development Agency of Japan, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan

Abstract

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In the SELenological and ENgineering Explorer (SELENE) project which is the Japanese lunar program to be launched in 2003 by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) and National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), we measure angular distance between a radio transmitter on a relay satellite, that on the Moon and quasars by differential VLBI and determine amplitudes of the physical librations, gravitational harmonic coefficients of the Moon and lunar ephemeris with an accuracy one or two orders higher than before in cooperation with 4-way Doppler measurements and two-way Doppler and ranging measurements using the lunar orbiter and the relay satellite. We are proposing another selenodetic mission, In situ Lunar Orientation Measurement (ILOM) to study lunar rotational dynamics by direct observations of the lunar physical libration from the lunar surface with an accuracy of 1 milliarcsecond in a post-SELENE project which will be launched about three years after SELENE. Year-long trajectories of the stars provide information on various components of the physical librations and we will also try to detect the lunar free librations in order to investigate the lunar mantle and the liquid core.

Type
Part 7. Modern Definition of the Celestial Ephemeris Pole
Information
International Astronomical Union Colloquium , Volume 178: Polar Motion: Historical and Scientific Problems , 2000 , pp. 623 - 630
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2000

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