Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T00:34:20.758Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Role of Different Components of the Pheromone Emission of Mature Males of the Desert Locust, Schistocerca Gregaria (Forskål) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Accelerating Maturation of Immature Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Hassane Mahamat ,
Ahmed Hassanali  and
Hezekiel Odongo
Hassane Mahamat
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya, ahassanali@icipe.org
Ahmed Hassanali
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya, ahassanali@icipe.org
Hezekiel Odongo
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya, ahassanali@icipe.org
Get access

Abstract

Different blends of five chromatographically prominent components of the pheromone emission of gregarious-phase mature desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) males were bioassayed for their maturation-accelerating effects on immature counterparts. The blend of all five components, namely anisóle, veratrole, benzaldehyde, phenylacetonitrile and 4-vinylveratrole was as effective as the emission from live mature males in accelerating the onset of mating in immature males. Subtraction of anisóle had no significant effect but removal of any one of the other four components significantly reduced the acceleration potency of the resulting blends. The maximum reduction occurred in the absence of phenylacetonitrile which appears to be critical to the activity of the blend. The magnitude of reduction in maturation acceleration that resulted from the subtraction of the other three components suggests that, although present in lesser relative amounts, these compounds contribute significantly to the activity of the full blend. Some differences were found between the onset of integumental yellowing and mating which indicate that blends of slightly different compositions are involved in promoting these two physiological processes.

Résumé

—On a essayé différents mélanges de 5 substances les plus importantes obtenues lors de la chromatographie des sécrétions phéromonales des mâles adultes en phase grégaire du criquet du désert (Schistocerca gregaria) Forskal (Orthoptera: Acrididae), afin de déceler leurs effets biologiques de hâter le début d'accouplement chez les sujets immatures de la même espèce. Le mélange de cinq substances dont l'anisole, le vératrole, le bénzaldéhyde, le phénylacétonitrile et le 4-vinylvératrole accélérait efficacement le début d'accouplement au sein des sujets mâles immatures au même titre que le phéromone dégagé par les mâles adultes vivants. L'exclusion de l'anisole du mélange n'avait pas d'effet significatif mais par contre, la suppression de l'une ou l'autre des quatre substances réduisait significativement la capacité du mélange d'accélérer le début d'accouplement. La réduction maximale avait lieu à l'absence du phénylacétonitrile qui semble être indispensable pour l'activation du mélange. L'importance de la réduction de l'accélération du début d'accouplement résultant de l'exclusion des autres substances suggère que celles-ci contribuent significativement à l'activation du mélange des cinq éléments, quand bien même à des concentrations relativement faibles. Quelques différences ont été notées entre le début du jaunissement du tégument et le début d'accouplement, ce qui indique que les mélanges avec des compositions légèrement différentes participent dans l'activation de ces deux processus physiologiques.

Keywords

desert locustSchistocerca gregariamaturation accelerationphenylacetonitrilebenzaldehydeveratrole4-vinylveratroleanisolecriquet du désertSchistocerca gregariaaccélération de la maturitéphénylacétonitrileanisolevératrolebénzaldéhyde4-vinylvératrole
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 1 - 5
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Amerasinghe, F. B. (1978) Pheromonal effect on sexual maturation, yellowing and the vibration reaction in immature male desert locust Schistocerca gregaria. J. InsectPhysiol 24, 309–314.Google Scholar
Assad, Y. O. H., Hassanali, A., Torto, B., Mahamat, H., Bashir, N. H. H. and El Bashir, S. (1997) Effects of fifth-instar nymphs on maturation of immature adults of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål) (Orthoptera: Acrididae). J. Client. Ecol. 5, 1373–1387.Google Scholar
Loher, W. J. (1960) The chemical acceleration of the maturation process and its hormonal control in the male of the desert locust. Proc. R. Soc. B. 153, 381–397.Google Scholar
Mahamat, H., Hassanali, A., Odongo, H., Torto, B. and El Bashir, S. (1993) Studies on the maturation-accelerating pheromone of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Chemoecology 4, 159–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahamat, H., Hassanali, A. and Ferenz, H.-J. (1997) Vitellogenin titres in normal and accelerated maturation of gregarious-phase Schistocerca gregaria. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 116B, 447–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norris, M. J. (1952) Reproduction in the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) in relation to density and phase. Anti-Locust Bull. 13, 1–49.Google Scholar
Norris, M. J. (1954) Sexual maturation in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål) with special reference to the effect of grouping. Anti-Locust Bull. 18, 1–14.Google Scholar
Norris, M. J. (1957) Factors affecting the rate of sexual maturation in the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) in the laboratory. Anti-Locust Bull. 28, 26.Google Scholar
Obeng-Ofori, D., Njagi, P. G. N., Torto, B., Hassanali, A. and Amiani, H. (1994) Sex differentiation studies relating to releaser aggregation pheromone of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 73, 85–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Owaga, M. L. A., Hassanali, A. and McDowell, P. G. (1988) The role of 4-cresol and 3-n-propylphenol in the attraction of tsetse flies to buffalo urine. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 95–100.Google Scholar
Rai, M. M., Hassanali, A., Saini, R. K., Odongo, H. and Kahoro, H. (1997) Identification of components of the oviposition aggregation pheromone of the gregarious desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). J. Insect Physiol. 43, 83–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saini, R. K., Rai, M. M., Hassanali, A., Wawiye, J. and Odongo, H. (1995) Semiochemicals from froth of egg pods attract ovipositing female Schistocerca gregaria. J. Insect Physiol. 41, 711–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torto, B., Obeng-Ofori, D., Njagi, P. G. N., Hassanali, A. and Amiani, H. (1994) Aggregation pheromone system of the adult gregarious desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål). J. Chem. Ecol. 20, 1749–1762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed