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Beach Vitex (Vitex rotundifolia): An Invasive Coastal Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Matthew M. Cousins ,
Jeanne Briggs ,
Chuck Gresham ,
Jack Whetstone  and
Ted Whitwell
Matthew M. Cousins
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632
Jeanne Briggs
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632
Chuck Gresham
Affiliation:
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632
Jack Whetstone
Affiliation:
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632
Ted Whitwell*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29632
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: twhtwll@clemson.edu
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Abstract

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Beach vitex is a salt-tolerant, perennial, invasive shrub that has naturalized in coastal areas of the southeastern United States. Since its introduction in the 1980s, this Pacific Rim native has invaded many fragile beach-dune ecosystems along the Mid-Atlantic, Southern Atlantic, and Gulf of Mexico. Large-scale monocultures of beach vitex supplant native species through rapid vegetative reproduction and seed production. Fruits are capable of water-based dispersal, allowing for potential rapid range expansion in coastal areas. Ecosystem damage resulting from exclusion of native plant species by beach vitex and fears associated with potential negative effects on sea turtle nesting have served to promote the control and survey efforts presently underway in coastal areas of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Maryland.

Keywords

Beach vitex, Vitex rotundifolia L. f.Beach dune communityseashorelandscape plantmedicinal plantexotic
Type
Invasion Alert
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , November 2010 , pp. 340 - 345
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

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