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Seasonal growth patterns in field beans (Vicia faba) as affected by population density, shading and its relationship with soil moisture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

Janet I. Sprent ,
Alison M. Bradford  and
C. Norton
Janet I. Sprent
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee
Alison M. Bradford
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee
C. Norton
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Dundee
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Summary

Field experiments, using Vicia faba cvs Herz Freya and/or Maris Bead were made in 1972–5. Population densities were varied and shading treatments were applied. Soil moisture content was monitored throughout. Maximum dry-matter production per plant and per unit area were similar in 1973 and 1974, but lower in 1975. Variations in growth were associated with variations in soil moisture content. When pods began to fill, plants reached maximum total water content and root growth ceased.

Increasing density enhanced, and shading retarded both leaf senescence and seed maturation. Maximum potential seed yield (5–6 t/ha) in 1974 was obtained at 32plants/m2. In 1975, yields of 7–9 t/ha were obtained at 66 plants/m2, probably as a result of retention of many pods by the plants. Since total dry-matter production was lower in 1975 than in 1974 we conclude that photosynthetic potential did not limit yield in the earlier year.

From the patterns of rainfall, soil moisture and plant water content, we suggest that water supply may be a more important factor controlling yield than either solar radiation or plant competition, with the period following pod setting being especially vital. At this time plant water requirement may often be in excess of supply.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 88 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 293 - 301
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977

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