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Effects of milk protein genetic variants on milk yield and composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Douglas M. McLean ,
E. R. Bruce Graham ,
Raul W. Ponzoni  and
Hugh A. McKenzie
Douglas M. McLean
Affiliation:
Northfield Research Centre Animal Industry Division, Department of Agriculture, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
E. R. Bruce Graham
Affiliation:
Northfield Research Centre Animal Industry Division, Department of Agriculture, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
Raul W. Ponzoni
Affiliation:
Animal Industry Division, Department of Agriculture, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
Hugh A. McKenzie
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Biochemistry, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Summary

Effects of genetic variants of the milk proteins, αs1-casein, β-casein, κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin (βlg), on milk yield and composition, particularly the protein composition, were investigated in milk samples from 289 Jersey and 249 Friesian cows in eight commercial herds.

Milk protein genotypes had no significant effect on yields over a complete lactation of milk and fat, but significant differences in fat content were detected for β-casein (B, A1B, A2 > A1A2) and βlg (B, AB > A) variants. Significant differences between β-lg variants were also found with total solids (B, AB > A), casein (B, AB > A), whey protein (A > AB > B) and βlg (A > AB, AC > B > BC) concentrations. Casein genotypes were not significantly different in total protein and casein concentrations but many differences were found in casein composition. αs1-Casein variants significantly affected αs1-casein (BC > B) and κ-casein (B > BC) concentrations. β-Casein variants affected concentration and proportion of β-casein (A1B, A2B > A1, A1A2, A2, B), αs1-casein (A1, A2 > B) and κ-casein (B > A2) and concentration of whey protein (A1 > most other β-casein variants). κ-Casein variants affected concentration and proportion of κ-casein (B > AB > A), proportion of αs1-casein (A > AB > B) and concentration of βlg (A > AB, B) and α-lactalbumin (A, AB > B). Differences in milk composition were found between breeds, herds and ages, and with stage of lactation. The potential use of milk protein genotypes as an aid in dairy cattle breeding is discussed.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 51 , Issue 4 , November 1984 , pp. 531 - 546
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1984

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