Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T14:40:30.989Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Postprandial metabolism and inflammatory markers in overweight adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2014

B. C. Schauren ,
V. L. Portal ,
F. G. Beltrami ,
T. J. dos Santos  and
L. C. Pellanda
B. C. Schauren
Affiliation:
Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil
V. L. Portal
Affiliation:
Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil
F. G. Beltrami
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
T. J. dos Santos
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
L. C. Pellanda*
Affiliation:
Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
*
*Address for correspondence: Lucia Campos Pellanda, Avenida Princesa Isabel, 370, Santana, Porto Alegre, RS 90620-001, Brazil. (Email pellanda.pesquisa@gmail.com)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Lifestyle changes have an impact on lipid metabolism. The overload of circulating lipids may lead to endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and exaggerated inflammatory response, which may be further aggravated in the presence of overweight. This study aims to describe the postprandial metabolism and inflammatory response in overweight and normal-weight adolescents. Sixty-two adolescents aged 11–18 years were divided into two groups: overweight (OW; n=38) and normal weight (NW; n=24). Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen and leukocytes were collected for fasting and 4 and 6 h after a oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) consisting of a high-fat meal with 1.000 Kcal, 27.4% carbohydrates, 14.7% protein and 57.8% lipids (30.4% saturated, 32.7% monounsaturated, 26.5% polyunsaturated fatty acids and 288 mg TC). Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA, multiple linear regression, and Pearson, Spearman and partial correlations. OW adolescents showed significantly higher fasting values of TC (P=0.036), LDL-C (P=0.010), fibrinogen (P=0.036) and hs-CRP (P=0.004). All variables, except for glucose, increased in response to OFTT, but there were no interactions between group and time. body mass index z-score was positively correlated to LDL-C, TG, fibrinogen and hs-CRP, and inversely correlated to HDL-C. In conclusion, adolescents with OW showed higher TC, LDL-C and inflammatory markers levels than NW adolescents. These findings have clinical implications for prevention of chronic diseases, as we spend most of our days in a postprandial state.

Keywords

adolescentatherosclerosisoverweightoxidative stresspostprandial period
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , August 2014 , pp. 299 - 306
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

†

Equal contribution.

References

1. Signori, LU, Plentz, RDM, Irigoyen, MC, Schaan, BD. The role of post-prandial lipids in atherogenesis: particularities of diabetes mellitus. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 51, 222–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. de Vasconcelos, VL, da Silva, GAP. Overweight and obesity prevalences in male adolescents in Northeast Brazil, 1980–2000. Cad Saude Publica. 2003; 19, 1445–1451.Google ScholarPubMed
3. Barbiero, SM, Pellanda, LC, Cesa, CC, et al. Overweight, obesity and other risk factors for IHD in Brazilian schoolchildren. Public Health Nutr. 2009; 12, 710–715.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Cianflone, K, Paglialunga, S, Roy, C. Intestinally derived lipids: metabolic regulation and consequences – an overview. Atheroscler Suppl. 2008; 9, 63–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Bruce, C, Chouinard, RA, Tall, AR. Plasma lipid transfer proteins, high-density lipoproteins, and reverse cholesterol transport. Annu Rev Nutr. 1998; 18, 297–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6. Patsch, J. Influence of lipolysis on chylomicron clearence and HDL cholesterol levels. Eur Heart J. 1998; 19, H2–H6.Google Scholar
7. Cohen, JC, Noakes, TD, Benade, AS. Serum triglyceride response to fat meals: effects of meals fat content. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988; 47, 825–827.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Esposito, K, Nappo, F, Giugliano, F, et al. Effect of dietary antioxidants on postprandial endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-fat meal in healthy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 77, 139–143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. Botham, KM, Wheeler-Jones, CPD. Postprandial lipoproteins and the molecular regulation of vascular homeostasis. Prog Lipid Res. 2013; 52, 446–464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Perez-Martinez, P, Lopez-Miranda, J, Perez-Jimenez, F, Ordovas, JM. Influence of genetic factors in the modulation of postprandial lipemia. Atheroscler Suppl. 2008; 9, 49–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11. Berenson, GS, McMahan, CA, Voors, AW, et al. Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children: The Early Natural History of Atherosclerosis and Essential Hypertension, 1980. Oxford University Press: New York, NY.Google Scholar
12. Hayman, LL, Meininger, JC, Daniels, SR, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in nursing practice: focus on children and youth – a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation. 2007; 116, 344–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Couth, SC, Isasi, CR, Karmally, W, et al. Predictors of postprandial triacylglycerol response in children: the Columbia University Biomarkers Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72, 1119–1127.Google Scholar
14. Kelly, AS, Jacobs, DR Jr, Sinaiko, AR, et al. Relation of circulating oxidized LDL to obesity and insulin resistance in children. Pediatr Diabetes. 2010; 11, 552–555.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15. Aljada, A, Mohanty, P, Ghanim, H, et al. Increase in intranuclear nuclear factor κB and decrease in inhibitor κB in mononuclear cells after a mixed meal: evidence for a proinflammatory effect. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 79, 682–690.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Atlanta, GA. Preventing obesity and chronic diseases through good nutrition and physical activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005. Retrieved March 23, 2008, from http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/publications/factsheets/Prevention/obesity.htm Google Scholar
17. Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. WHO Child Growth Standards: Length/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Age, Weight-for-Length, Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index-for-Age: Methods and Development. 2006. World Health Organization: Geneva.Google Scholar
18. Boquist, S, Ruotolo, G, Tang, R, et al. Alimentary lipemia, postprandial trigliceryde-rich lipoproteins, and common carotid intima-media thickness in healthy, middle-aged men. Circulation. 1999; 100, 723–728.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. de Ugarte, MTO, Portal, VL, Dias, AA, Schaan, BD. Metabolic response to oral lipid overload, in diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005; 69, 36–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on high blood pressure in children and adolescents: a working group report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Pediatrics. 1996; 98, 649–658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Alipour, A, Elte, JWF, Rietveld, AP, van Zaanen, HCT, Castro Cabezas, M. Postprandial inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Biochem Soc Trans. 2007; 35(Pt 3), 466–469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Van Oostrom AJHHM, Sijmonsma TP, Verseyden, C, et al. Postprandial recruitment of neutrophils may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. J Lipid Res. 2003; 44, 576–583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23. Cook, DG, Mendall, MA, Whincup, PH, et al. C-reactive protein concentration in children: relationship to adiposity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Atherosclerosis. 2000; 149, 139–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24. Visser, M, Bouter, LM, McQuillan, GM, Wener, MH, Harris, TB. Lowgrade systemic inflammation in overweight children. Pediatrics. 2001; 107, E13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25. Brasil, AR, Norton, RC, Rossetti, MB, Leão, E, Mendes, RP. Proteína C reativa como indicador de inflamação de baixa intensidade em crianças e adolescentes com e sem obesidade. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2007; 83, 477–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26. Ford, ES. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. C-reactive protein concentration and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children findings from the national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2000. Circulation. 2003; 108, 1053–1058.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27. Santos, MG, Pegoraro, M, Sandrini, F, Macuco, EC. Risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis in childhood and adolescence. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008; 90, 301–308.Google ScholarPubMed
28. Libby, P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature. 2002; 420, 868–874.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29. Carvalho, DF, Paiva, AA, Melo, ASO, et al. Perfil lipídico e estado nutricional de adolescentes. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2007; 10, 491–498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Cotta de Faria, E, Dalpino, EB, Takata, R. Lípides e lipoproteínas séricos em crianças e adolescentes ambulatoriais de um hospital universitário público. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2008; 26, 54–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Back Giuliano Ide, C, Caramelli, B, Pellanda, L, et al. I guidelines of prevention of atherosclerosis in childhood and adolescence. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2005; 85, 4–36.Google ScholarPubMed
32. Seki, M, Bonamett, AM, Matsuo, T, et al. Avaliação dos intervalos de referência de lípides e lipoproteínas para crianças e adolescentes: associação das dislipidemias e sobrepeso em escolares de 4 a 19 anos de idade de Maracaí (São Paulo). J Bras Patol Med Lab. 2006; 42, 265–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33. Berenson, GS, Srinivasan, SR, Bao, W, et al. Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1998; 338, 1650–1656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar