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An experimental study of liquefaction shock waves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2006

Georg Dettleff ,
Philip A. Thompson ,
Gerd E. A. Meier  and
Hans-Dieter Speckmann
Georg Dettleff
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, D 3400 Göttingen
Philip A. Thompson
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, D 3400 Göttingen Present address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181.
Gerd E. A. Meier
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, D 3400 Göttingen
Hans-Dieter Speckmann
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Strömungsforschung, D 3400 Göttingen
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Abstract

The existence of a liquefaction shock wave, a compression shock which converts vapour into liquid, has recently been predicted on physical grounds. The liquefaction shock was experimentally produced as the reflected shock at the closed end of a shock tube. Measurements of pressure, temperature, index of refraction and shock velocity confirm the existence of the shock and its general conformity to classical Rankine-Hugoniot conditions, with a discrepancy ∼ 10°C between measured and predicted liquid temperatures. Photographic observations confirmed the existence of a clear liquid phase and revealed the (unanticipated) presence of small two-phase torus-form rings. These rings are interpreted as vortices and are formed in or near the shockfront (∼ 50 rings/mm2 are visible near the shockfront at any given time). Separate experiments with the incident shock under conditions of partial liquefaction produced a fog behind the shock: measurements of laser-beam attenuation yielded the thickness of the condensation zone and estimates of the droplet size (∼ 10−7 m).

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 95 , Issue 2 , 28 November 1979 , pp. 279 - 304
Copyright
© 1979 Cambridge University Press

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