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Near-wall turbulence modulation by small inertial particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2021

Pedro Costa Open the ORCID record for Pedro Costa [Opens in a new window] ,
Luca Brandt Open the ORCID record for Luca Brandt [Opens in a new window]  and
Francesco Picano Open the ORCID record for Francesco Picano [Opens in a new window]
Pedro Costa*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, 107Reykjavik, Iceland
Luca Brandt
Affiliation:
Linné FLOW Centre and SeRC (Swedish e-Science Research Centre), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden
Francesco Picano
Affiliation:
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
*
†Email address for correspondence: p.simoes.costa@gmail.com
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Abstract

We use interface-resolved simulations to study near-wall turbulence modulation by small inertial particles, much denser than the fluid, in dilute/semi-dilute conditions. We considered three bulk solid mass fractions, $\varPsi =0.34\,\%$, $3.37\,\%$ and $33.7\,\%$, with only the latter two showing turbulence modulation. The increase of the drag is strong at $\varPsi =3.37\,\%$, but mild in the densest case. Two distinct regimes of turbulence modulation emerge: for smaller mass fractions, the turbulence statistics are weakly affected and the near-wall particle accumulation increases the drag so the flow appears as a single-phase flow at slightly higher Reynolds number. Conversely, at higher mass fractions, the particles modulate the turbulent dynamics over the entire flow, and the interphase coupling becomes more complex. In this case, fluid Reynolds stresses are attenuated, but the inertial particle dynamics near the wall increases the drag via correlated velocity fluctuations, leading to an overall drag increase. Hence, we conclude that, although particles at high mass fractions reduce the fluid turbulent drag, the solid phase inertial dynamics still increases the overall drag. However, inspection of the streamwise momentum budget in the two-way coupling limit of vanishing volume fraction, but finite mass fraction, indicates that this trend could reverse at even higher particle load.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 922 , 10 September 2021 , A9
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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