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A scale-wise analysis of intermittent momentum transport in dense canopy flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2022

Subharthi Chowdhuri Open the ORCID record for Subharthi Chowdhuri [Opens in a new window] ,
Khaled Ghannam Open the ORCID record for Khaled Ghannam [Opens in a new window]  and
Tirtha Banerjee Open the ORCID record for Tirtha Banerjee [Opens in a new window]
Subharthi Chowdhuri*
Affiliation:
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, India
Khaled Ghannam
Affiliation:
Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Cooperative Institute for Modeling the Earth System, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
Tirtha Banerjee
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: subharthi.cat@tropmet.res.in
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Abstract

We investigate the intermittent dynamics of momentum transport and its underlying time scales in the near-wall region of the neutrally stratified atmospheric boundary layer in the presence of a vegetation canopy. This is achieved through an empirical analysis of the persistence time scales (periods between successive zero-crossings) of momentum flux events, and their connection to the ejection–sweep cycle. Using high-frequency measurements from the GoAmazon campaign, spanning multiple heights within and above a dense canopy, the analysis suggests that, when the persistence time scales ($t_p$) of momentum flux events from four different quadrants are separately normalized by $\varGamma _{w}$ (integral time scale of the vertical velocity), their distributions $P(t_p/\varGamma _{w})$ remain height-invariant. This result points to a persistent memory imposed by canopy-induced coherent structures, and to their role as an efficient momentum-transporting mechanism between the canopy airspace and the region immediately above. Moreover, $P(t_p/\varGamma _{w})$ exhibits a power-law scaling at times $t_{p}<\varGamma _{w}$, with an exponential tail appearing for $t_{p} \geq \varGamma _{w}$. By separating the flux events based on $t_p$, we discover that around 80 % of the momentum is transported through the long-lived events ($t_{p} \geq \varGamma _{w}$) at heights immediately above the canopy, while the short-lived ones ($t_{p} < \varGamma _{w}$) only contribute marginally ($\approx 20\,\%$). To explain the role of instantaneous flux amplitudes in momentum transport, we compare the measurements with newly developed surrogate data and establish that the range of time scales involved with amplitude variations in the fluxes tends to increase as one transitions from within to above the canopy.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Atmospheric flows Turbulent Flows: Intermittency Turbulent Flows: Shear layer turbulence
Type
JFM Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 942 , 10 July 2022 , A51
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© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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