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Onset of turbulence in rotor–stator cavity flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2024

Yaguang Xie ,
Qiang Du Open the ORCID record for Qiang Du [Opens in a new window] ,
Lei Xie ,
Zhicheng Wang Open the ORCID record for Zhicheng Wang [Opens in a new window]  and
Siyi Li
Yaguang Xie
Affiliation:
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China Key Lab of Light-duty Gas-turbine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China
Qiang Du*
Affiliation:
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China Key Lab of Light-duty Gas-turbine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China
Lei Xie
Affiliation:
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China Key Lab of Light-duty Gas-turbine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China
Zhicheng Wang
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, PR China Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization of Ministry of Educations, Dalian University of Technology, 116024 Dalian, PR China
Siyi Li
Affiliation:
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China Key Lab of Light-duty Gas-turbine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: duqiang@iet.cn
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Abstract

Numerous studies have indicated that turbulence typically initiates along the boundary layer of the stationary disk within a rotor–stator cavity. To describe the transition process to turbulence on the stationary side of a closed rotor–stator cavity, a comprehensive approach combining global linear stability analysis with direct numerical simulation was adopted in the present study. The proposed model aligns with that of Yim et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 848, 2018, pp. 631–647), who investigated the stability characteristics of the rotating-disk boundary layer in a rotor–stator cavity. In order to achieve a stable inflow for the stationary-disk boundary layer, we rotate the shroud together with the rotating disk. Through careful global stability analysis, the predominant spiral mode exhibiting the highest instability in the boundary layer of the stationary disk was discerned, corroborating observations from simulations. Initially, the spiral mode undergoes linear amplification, reaches a state of linear saturation and enters the nonlinear regime. Following nonlinear saturation in the flow field, a circular wave mode arises due to the influence of mean flow distortion. As the Reynolds number attained a sufficiently high level, the interplay between the downstream-propagating circular mode and spiral mode amplified disturbances in the boundary layer of the stationary disk, ultimately leading to the development of localised turbulence at the mid-radius of the rotor–stator cavity. Notably, the present study is the first to elucidate the coexistence of laminar–transitional–turbulent flow states in the stationary-disk boundary layer through direct numerical simulations.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer stability Instability: Transition to turbulence Instability: Nonlinear instability
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 991 , 25 July 2024 , A3
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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