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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 December 2013
The classical museums of the Baltic cities are among the least known in Europe, and the accounts of the objects they contain have hitherto been desultory or are not recent enough to be of sufficient value. The present paper is not intended as an exhaustive register of the classical antiquities of Copenhagen, Stockholm, and St. Petersburg, but only as a short notice of such among them as are of some archaeological importance, and about which nothing or not enough has as yet been said. Judgment on these is often precarious, because it is difficult to discover their ‘provenance’ or the circumstances of their discovery. Of the classical antiquities in the ‘Prindsen's Palast’ at Copenhagen a detailed account was given by Wieseler in the Göttingen Gelehrte Anzeigen of 1863 (pp. 1921—1952); but there is now much in the small museum which is not noticed in his account, and which therefore has probably been more recently acquired. To the archaic period belong certain terra-cottas from Santarin, found together with a few vases of the geometrical system of ornament; the latter have been published by Ross and noticed by Conze, but as far as I can discover the terra-cottas are still unpublished. Two of these are worth special attention: (1) a small slab showing a winged Gorgon in full flight, of which the execution well illustrates the development of the free figure from the relief. The body is worked on both sides, but the whole form shows the impress of the relief style in the same pose of the limbs as appears in the so-called Nike of Archermos, in the Nike of Olympia, and in the relief-figure found on the site of the Hyblean Megara. The form of all these suggests at once that the motive was originally designed for relief-work, perhaps for metal plates or terra-cotta slabs to be attached to a background.
page 31 note 1 Vide Furtwängler, , p. 325, Arch. Zeit. 1882.Google Scholar
page 31 note 2 Cf. Overbecks, Kunst-Myth. Pt. ii. P. 415Google Scholar: Gerhard, , Antike Bildw. Taf. 95. 1–3Google Scholar.
page 32 note 1 Dictionnaire des Antiquités, Daremberg, et Saglio, , Fig. 2248, p. 1688Google Scholar: vide Urlichs, , Jahrb. d. Ehein. Alterthumsvereins 23Google Scholar. 49, Taf. 1 and 2 and Dütschke, Bildwerke Ober-Italiens, 4. 354, 359, 369, 380. On Taf. iii of Urlich's Article, we see an Atys standing near the throned Cybele, and above is the rising sun in chariot.
page 33 note 1 Vide Zoega, Bassir. 40, Ann. d. Inst. 1835, p. 104: 1837, 2, p. 256, 264 (where the figure is explained as an Etruscan demon)
page 35 note 1 Vide Jahn, O., Ueber Darstellungen Griechischer Dichter auf Vasenbildern, Taf. II. and VIII., and Millingen, Un. Mon. 33Google Scholar
page 36 note 1 Arch. Zeit., 1871, Taf. 37 (a Cypriote statue for which the name Sappho suggested by Stark is not even probable a priori); Arch. Zeit., 1872 p. 83.
page 36 note 2 paus. vi. 19.
page 37 note 1 Θεῶν Διάλογοι, ii.
page 37 note 2 For Endymion representations vide Jahn, , Arch. Beitr. pp. 50–72Google Scholar, and Gerhard, , Ant. Bild. 36–40Google Scholar.
page 38 note 1 A genius holding a torch with a similar cap is seen on a late bas-relief published by Clarac, , Musée de Sculpt. pl. 184, no. 43Google Scholar.
page 39 note 1 The presence of Hermes and the torch of Artemis may suggest a reference to the lower world: but Athene has no relation with the Chthonian deities except as Athene Itonia.
page 41 note 1 The passage in Trebellius Pollio, Trig. Tyr. 13, gives no real ground for such an assumption.
page 41 note 2 Vide Michaelis, 's Ancient Marbles, p. 521, No. 14.Google Scholar
page 42 note 1 Vide Schreiber, Athene Parthenos: sub fin.
page 42 note 2 E.g. ‘Athene Agoraia’ and the Chiaramonti figure, Müller, , D. A. K. ii. 217, 218.Google Scholar
page 42 note 3 Malalas, Bk. VIII. p. 201. To attract Athenian settlers to his new city, Antiochus caused a statue of the Athenian goddess to be erected there.
page 42 note 4 The same as No. 20, page 88, Bernouilli, Aphrodite, published by D'Escamps, Gall. d. Marbres Antiques du Musée Campana.
page 42 note 5 Bernouilli, , Aphrodite, p. 232, No. 44Google Scholar, mentions this with more praise than it deserves: he judges from the largeness of the forms; he did not know how dry and dull is the execution.
page 43 note 1 Bernouilli, , Aphrodite, p. 229, No. 16Google Scholar.
page 43 note 2 Mentioned in Overbeck, , Kunst-Mythologie, vol. i. p. 283.Google Scholar
page 44 note 1 Compte rendu, 1875, p. 160.
page 44 note 2 Well published in the Compte rendu, 1876, p. 224 (Nachtrag).
page 44 note 3 Also, as far as I can judge, he exaggerates the likeness between the St. Petersburg head and the head of Zeus in the Louvre, published in Overbeck's Atlas, Tf. ii. Nos. 15, 16; and the resemblance if great would prove nothing.
page 46 note 1 Clarac, Pl. 276, No. 1742.
page 46 note 2 Vide Philostratus, Imag. ii.; Jahn, O., Bilderchroniken, S. 36.Google Scholar
page 46 note 3 Published M. d. I. taf. XV.