Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T17:14:50.989Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of cooling rate on thermophysical properties of magnesium alloys

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

M.N. Khan ,
M. Aljarrah ,
J.T. Wood  and
M. Medraj
M.N. Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1M8
M. Aljarrah
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B9
J.T. Wood
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B9
M. Medraj*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1M8
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: mmedraj@encs.concordia.ca
Get access

Abstract

Thermophysical properties such as phase-transformation temperatures and enthalpy of solidification depend on the composition and on the solidification conditions. To analyze the effects of the cooling rate on these properties, three commercial magnesium alloys (AZ91D, AM60B, and AE44) have been studied. Phase-transformation temperatures and enthalpy of solidification of these alloys have been measured using differential scanning calorimetry. Solidification curves have been obtained experimentally and compared with thermodynamic calculations. For all the studied alloys, it has been found that with increasing cooling rate, liquidus temperature increases slightly, whereas solidus temperature decreases. Enthalpy of solidification increases significantly with increasing cooling rate. Finally, relationships of phase-transformation temperature and enthalpy of solidification as a function of cooling rate have been established on the basis of the general power law. Using these relationships, the phase-transformation temperature and enthalpy of solidification have been predicted at high cooling rates and compared with experimental results.

Keywords

MgPhase TransformationCalorimetry
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 26 , Issue 8 , 28 April 2011 , pp. 974 - 982
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Luo, A.: Understanding the solidification of magnesium alloys, in Proceedings of the Third International Magnesium Conference, Manchester, UK, 1997, pp. 449–464.Google Scholar
2.StJohn, D.H., Dahle, A.K., Abbott, T., Nave, M.D., and Qian, M.: Solidification of cast magnesium alloys, in Proceedings of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Magnesium Technology, San Diego, CA, 2003, pp. 95–100.Google Scholar
3.Riddle, Y.W. and Makhlouf, M.M.: Characterizing solidification by non- equilibrium thermal analysis, in Proceedings of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Magnesium Technology, San Diego, CA, 2003, pp. 101–106.Google Scholar
4.Lindemann, A., Schmidt, J., Todte, M., and Zeuner, T.: Thermal analytical investigations of the magnesium alloys AM60 and AZ91 including the melting range. Thermochim. Acta 382(1–2), 269 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Ohno, M., Mirkovic, D., and Schmid-Fetzer, R.: On liquidus and solidus temperature in AZ and AM alloys, in Proceedings of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), San Antonio, TX, 2006, pp. 129–132.Google Scholar
6.Nave, M.D., Dahle, A.K., and StJohn, D.H.: Eutectic growth morphologies in magnesium-aluminum alloys, in Proceedings of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Nashville, TN, 2000, pp. 233–242.Google Scholar
7.Barber, L.P.: Characterization of the solidification behavior and resultant microstructures of magnesium-aluminum alloys. Ph.D. Thesis, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 2004.Google Scholar
8.Dahle, A.K., Lee, Y.C., Nave, M.D., Schaffer, P.L., and StJohn, D.H.: Development of the as-cast microstructure in magnesium-aluminum alloys. J. Light Met. 1(1), 61 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Barbagallo, S., Laukli, H.I., Lohne, O., and Cerri, E.: Divorced eutectic in a HPDC magnesium alloy. J. Alloys Compd. 378(1–2), 226 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Nave, M.D., Dahle, A.K., and StJohn, D.H.: The effect of solidification rate on the structure of magnesium-aluminum eutectic grains. Int. Cast Met. Res. 13(1), (2000).Google Scholar
11.Bassani, P., Gariboldi, E., and Tuissi, A.: Calorimetric analysis of AM60 magnesium alloy. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 80(3), 739 (2005).Google Scholar
12.Han, Q., Kenic, E.A., Agnew, S.R., and Viswanathan, S.: Solidification behavior of commercial magnesium alloys, in Proceedings of the Mineral, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Indianapolis, IN, 2001, pp. 81–86.Google Scholar
13.Riddle, Y.W., Barber, L.P., and Makhlouf, M.M.: Characterization of Mg alloy solidification and as-cast microstructure, in Proceedings of the Mineral, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Charlotte, NC, 2004, pp. 203–208.Google Scholar
14.Chen, S.W. and Huang, C.C.: Solidification curves of Al–Cu, Al–Mg and Al–Cu–Mg alloys. Acta Mater. 44(5), 1955 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Aljarrah, M., Parvez, M.A., Li, Jian, Essadiqi, E., and Medraj, M.: Microstructural characterization of Mg–Al–Sr alloys. J. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 8, 237 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Mirković, D., Gröbner, J., and Schmid-Fetzer, R.: Solidification curves of AZ-magnesium alloys determined by DSC experiments and heat-transfer model (DSC-HTM), in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference Magnesium Alloys and Their Application, 2003, Wolfsburg, pp. 842–847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Kuang, Z.Q., Zhang, J.X., Zhang, X.H., Liang, K.F., and Fung, P.C.W.: Scaling behaviors in the thermoelastic martensitic transformation of Co. Solid State Commun. 114(4), 231 (2000).Google Scholar
18.Zhang, J.X., Zhong, F., and Siu, G.G.: The scanning-rate dependence of energy dissipation in first-order phase transition of solids. Solid State Commun. 97(10), 847 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Bale, C., Belisle, E., Chartrand, P., Decterov, S.A., Eriksson, G., Hack, K., Jung, I.-H., Kang, Y.-B., Melancon, J., Pelton, A.D., Robelin, C., and Petersen, S.: FactsSge thermochemical software and databases–recent developments. CALPHAD 33(2), 295 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Kielbus, A.: The influence of casting temperature on castability and structure of AJ62 alloy. Arch. Mater. Sci. Eng. 28(6), 345 (2007).Google Scholar
21.Mahamoudi, J. and Fredriksson, H.: Thermal analysis of copper-tin alloys during rapid solidification. J. Mater. Sci. 35, 4977 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Jackson, K.A.: Liquid Metals and Solidification (ASM, Cleveland, OH, 1958), p. 174.Google Scholar
23.Yu, K.-O.: Modeling for Casting and Solidification Processing (M. Dekker Inc., New York, ISBN:0-8247-8881-8, 2002), p. 202.Google Scholar
24.Gesing, A.J., Reade, N.D., Sokolowski, J.H., Blawert, C., Fechner, D., and Hort, N.: Development of Recyclable Mg-based Alloys: AZ91D and AZC1231 Phase Information Derived from Heating/Cooling Curve Analysis (TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2010, Magnesium Technology), pp. 97–105.Google Scholar
25.Zhao, Y.-Z., Zhao, Y- H., Li, Q., Chen, S.-L., Zhang, J.-Y., and Chou, K.-C.: Effects of step size and cut-off limit of residual liquid amount on solidification simulation of Al–Mg–Zn system with Scheil model. Intermetallics 17, 491 (2009).Google Scholar
26.Avedesian, M. and Baker, H.: ASM Specialty Handbook: Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys (ASM International, Cleveland, OH, 1998).Google Scholar
27.Bakke, P. and Westengen, H.: The role of rare earth elements in structure and property control of magnesium die casting alloys, in Proceedings: Magnesium Technology, 2005 (TMS), San Francisco, CA, 2005, pp. 291–296.Google Scholar
28.Riddle, W., Barber, L.P., and Makhlouf, M.M.: Characterization of Mg alloy solidification and as-cast microstructures, in Proceedings: Magnesium Technology 2004 (TMS), Charlotte, NC, 2004, pp. 203–208,Google Scholar
29.Zhang, J., Li, Z.-S., Guo, Z.-X., and Pan, F.-S.: Solidification microstrucural constituent and its crystallographic morphology of permanent-mould-cast Mg–Zn–Al alloys. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 16(2), 452 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar