Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T05:35:13.390Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Formation of nanoporous copper through dealloying of dual-phase Cu–Mn–Al alloy: The evolution of microstructure and composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2012

Ying Tang ,
Ying Liu ,
Lixian Lian ,
Xuezhe Zhou  and
Lin He
Ying Tang
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China
Ying Liu*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China
Lixian Lian*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China
Xuezhe Zhou
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China
Lin He
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: lianlixian@scu.edu.cn
Get access

Abstract

A freestanding bulk nanoporous copper with ultralow density has been fabricated through dealloying of as-cast dual-phase Cu1Mn1Al8 alloy, and the dealloying behavior was investigated systematically. The experimental results show that due to different electrochemical activities, the Al11Cu5Mn3 phase of the dual-phase precursor alloy dissolved before AlCu2Mn, which corresponds to the dramatical evolutions of microstructure and composition. Additionally, a formation pattern based upon a mechanism combined “dissolution–redeposition” pattern, “phase-separation” pattern, and “coarsening” process has been built to describe the evolution process, which includes four stages, sequentially defined as “dissolution of Al11Cu5Mn3,” “redeposition of Cu atoms,” “dealloying of AlCu2Mn,” and “coarsening.”

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 27 , Issue 21 , 14 November 2012 , pp. 2771 - 2778
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Volkert, C.A., Lilleodden, E.T., Kramer, D., and Weissmüller, J.: Approaching the theoretical strength in nanoporous Au. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 061920 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodge, A.M., Hayes, J.R., Caro, J.A., Biener, J., and Hamza, A.V.: Characterization and mechanical behavior of nanoporous gold. Adv. Eng. Mater. 8, 853 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hakamada, M. and Mabuchi, M.: Mechanical strength of nanoporous gold fabricated by dealloying. Scr. Mater. 56, 1003 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qiu, H.J., Xu, C.X., Huang, X.R., Ding, Y., Qu, Y.B., and Gao, P.J.: Adsorption of laccase on the surface of nanoporous gold and the direct electron transfer between them. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 14781 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lang, X.Y., Guan, P.F., Zhang, L., Fujita, T., and Chen, M.W.: Characteristic length and temperature dependence of surface enhanced Raman scattering of nanoporous gold. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 10956 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kameoka, S. and Tsai, A.P.: CO oxidation over a fine porous gold catalyst fabricated by selective leaching from an ordered AuCu3 intermetallic compound. Catal. Lett. 121, 337 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zielasek, V., Jürgens, B., Schulz, C., Biener, J., Biener, M.M., Hamza, A.V., and Bäumer, M.: Gold catalysts: Nanoporous gold foams. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 45, 8241 (2006).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forty, A.J.: Corrosion micromorphology of noble metal alloys and depletion gilding. Nature 282, 597 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ding, Y., Kim, Y.J., and Erlebacher, J.: Nanoporous gold: “Ancient technology”/advanced material. Adv. Mater. 16, 1897 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dong, H. and Cao, X.D.: Nanoporous gold thin film: Fabrication, structure evolution, and electrocatalytic activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 603 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ji, C.X. and Searson, P.C.: Synthesis and characterization of nanoporous gold nanowires. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 4494 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senior, N.A. and Newman, R.C.: Synthesis of tough nanoporous metals by controlled electrolytic dealloying. Nanotechnology 17, 2311 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hakamada, M. and Mabuchi, M.: Nanoporous gold prism microassembly through a self-organizing route. Nano Lett. 6, 882 (2006).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morrish, R., Dorame, K., and Muscat, A.J.: Formation of nanoporous Au by dealloying AuCu thin films in HNO3. Scr. Mater. 64, 856 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, L.Y., Yu, J.S., Fujita, T., and Chen, M.W.: Nanoporous copper with tunable nanoporosity for SERS applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 1221 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, L., Chien, C.L., and Searson, P.C.: Fabrication of nanoporous nickel by electrochemical dealloying. Chem. Mater. 16, 3125 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, J.K., Hsu, S.H., Sun, I.W., and Tsai, W.T.: Formation of nanoporous nickel by selective anodic etching of the nobler copper component from electrodeposited nickel-copper alloys. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 1371 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pugh, D.V., Dursun, A., and Corcoran, S.G.: Formation of nanoporous platinum by selective dissolution of Cu from Cu0.75Pt0.25. J. Mater. Res. 18, 216 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, J., Asanithi, P., Dalton, A.B., and Erlebacher, J.: Stabilized nanoporous metals by dealloying ternary alloy precursors. Adv. Mater. 20, 4883 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, J.S., Ding, Y., Xu, C.X., Inoue, A., Sakurai, T., and Chen, M.W.: Nanoporous metals by dealloying multicomponent metallic glasses. Chem. Mater. 20, 4548 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aburada, T., Fitz-Gerald, J.M., and Scully, J.R.: Synthesis of nanoporous copper by dealloying of Al-Cu-Mg amorphous alloys in acidic solution: The effect of nickel. Corros. Sci. 53, 1627 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abe, H., Sato, K., Nishikawa, H., Takemoto, T., Fukuhara, M., and Inoue, A.: Dealloying of Cu-Zr-Ti bulk metallic glass in hydrofluoric acid solution. Mater.Trans. 50, 1255 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, H-B., Li, Y., and Wang, F-H.: Synthesis of porous copper from nanocrystalline two-phase Cu–Zr film by dealloying. Scr. Mater. 56, 165 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.G., Qi, Z., Zhao, C.C., Wang, W.M., and Zhang, Z.H.: Influence of alloy composition and dealloying solution on the formation and microstructure of monolithic nanoporous silver through chemical dealloying of Al-Ag alloys. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 13139 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, W.B., Zhang, S.C., Li, N., Zheng, J.W., and Xing, Y.L.: Influence of phase constituent and proportion in initial Al–Cu alloys on formation of monolithic nanoporous copper through chemical dealloying in an alkaline solution. Corros. Sci. 53, 809 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, W.B., Zhang, S.C., Li, N., Zheng, J.W., and Xing, Y.L.: A facile one-pot route to fabricate nanoporous copper with controlled hierarchical pore size distributions through chemical dealloying of Al–Cu alloy in an alkaline solution. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 138, 1 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qi, Z., Zhao, C.C., Wang, X.G., Lin, J., Shao, W., Zhang, Z., and Bian, X.F.: Formation and characterization of monolithic nanoporous copper by chemical dealloying of Al-Cu alloys. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 6694 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, W.B., Zhang, S.C., Li, N., Zheng, J.W. and Xing, Y.L.: Dealloying behavior of dual-phase Al 40 atom % Cu alloy in an alkaline solution. J. Electrochem. Soc. 158, D91 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, C.C., Qi, Z., Wang, X.G., and Zhang, Z.H.: Fabrication and characterization of monolithic nanoporous copper through chemical dealloying of Mg–Cu alloys. Corros. Sci. 51, 2120 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, C.C., Wang, X.G., Qi, Z., Ji, H., and Zhang, Z.H.: On the electrochemical dealloying of Mg–Cu alloys in a NaCl aqueous solution. Corros. Sci. 52, 3962 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Q., Wang, X.G., Qi, Z., Wang, Y., and Zhang, Z.H.: A benign route to fabricate nanoporous gold through electrochemical dealloying of Al–Au alloys in a neutral solution. Electrochim. Acta 54, 6190 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, C., Wang, R., Chen, M., Zhang, Y., and Ding, Y.. Dealloying to nanoporous Au/Pt alloys and their structure sensitive electrocatalytic properties. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 239, 12 (2010).Google Scholar
Forty, A.J. and Rowlands, G.: A possible model for corrosion pitting and tunneling in noble-metal alloys. Philos. Mag. A 43, 171 (1981).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forty, A.J. and Durkin, P.: A micromorphological study of the dissolution of silver-gold alloys in nitric acid. Philos. Mag. A 42, 295 (1980).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickering, H.W. and Wagner, C.: Electrolytic dissolution of binary alloys containing a noble metal. J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 698 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erlebacher, J., Aziz, M.J., Karma, A., Dimitrov, N., and Sieradzki, K.: Evolution of nanoporosity in dealloying. Nature 410, 450 (2001).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Erlebacher, J. and Sieradzki, K.: Pattern formation during dealloying. Scr. Mater. 49, 991 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erlebacher, J.: An atomistic description of dealloying. J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, C614 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parida, S., Kramer, D., Volkert, C.A., Rösner, H., Erlebacher, J., and Weissmüller, J.: Volume change during the formation of nanoporous gold by dealloying. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 035504 (2006)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, W.B., Zhang, S.C., Li, N., Zheng, J.W., An, S.S., and Xing, Y.L.. A general dealloying strategy to nanoporous intermetallics, nanoporous metals with bimodal, and unimodal pore size distributions. Corros. Sci. 58, 133 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar