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Octahedral microporous phases Na2Nb2−xTixO6−x(OH)x·H2O and their related perovskites: Crystal chemistry, energetics, and stability relations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2005

Hongwu Xu ,
Alexandra Navrotsky ,
May D. Nyman  and
Tina M. Nenoff
Hongwu Xu*
Affiliation:
Thermochemistry Facility and Nanomaterials in the Environment, Agriculture, and Technology (NEAT) Organized Research Unit (ORU), University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
Alexandra Navrotsky
Affiliation:
Thermochemistry Facility and Nanomaterials in the Environment, Agriculture, and Technology (NEAT) Organized Research Unit (ORU), University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
May D. Nyman
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
Tina M. Nenoff
Affiliation:
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. Present address: Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, LANSCE-12, MS-H805, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545. e-mail: hxu@lanl.gov
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Abstract

A family of microporous phases with compositions Na2Nb2−xTixO6−x(OH)x⋅H2O (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) transform to Na2Nb2−xTixO6−0.5x perovskites upon heating. In this study, we have measured the enthalpies of formation of the microporous phases and their corresponding perovskites from the constituent oxides and from the elements by drop solution calorimetry in 3Na2O·4MoO3 solvent at 974 K. As Ti/Nb increases, the enthalpies of formation for the microporous phases become less exothermic up to x = ∼0.2 but then more exothermic thereafter. In contrast, the formation enthalpies for the corresponding perovskites become less exothermic across the series. The energetic disparity between the two series can be attributed to their different mechanisms of ionic substitutions: Nb5+ + O2− → Ti4+ + OH− for the microporous phases and Nb5+ → Ti4+ + 0.5VO.. for the perovskites. From the calorimetric data for the two series, the enthalpies of the dehydration reaction, Na2Nb2−xTixO6−x(OH)x⋅H2O → Na2Nb2−xTixO6−0.5x + H2O, have been derived, and their implications for phase stability at the synthesis conditions are discussed.

Keywords

CalorimetryStabilityX-ray diffraction (XRD)
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 20 , Issue 3 , March 2005 , pp. 618 - 627
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2005

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