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Nigeria's New Political Institutions, 1975–9

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2008

Extract

In October 1970, after the civil war had ended, General Yakubu Gowon reiterated his earlier pledge that military rule would be terminated on 1 October 1976, but two years before that date he postponed the return to civilian rule indefinitely on the grounds that Nigerians had not yet demonstrated ‘moderation and self-control in pursuing sectional ends’.1 In July 1975, nine years after his own elevation to Head of the Federal Military Government (F.M.G.), Gowon was removed by a coup d'état led by Brigadier Murtala Mohammed, who cited mismanagement as the immediate reason. However, after the coup, ‘well-placed spokesmen for the new administration…reaffirmed that the goals of the coup were to restore the good image of the military and to create conditions which will make reactive military intervention unnecessary in the future’.2

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Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1980

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References

page 1 note 1 Quoted by Dare, Leo O., ‘Nigerian Military Governments and the Quest for Legitimacy, January 1966–July 1975’, in The Nigerian Journal of Social and Economic Studies (Ibadan), XVII, 2, 07 1975, pp. 115–16Google Scholar.

page 1 note 2 Dare, Leo O., ‘On Leadership and Military Rule: the Case of Nigeria’, Third Annual Conference of the Nigerian Political Science Association,University of Lagos, 22–4 11 1975Google Scholar.

page 1 note 3 Graf, William D., Elections 1979 (Lagos, 1979), pp. 24–5Google Scholar.

page 2 note 1 Huntington, Samuel P., Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven, 1968), p. 12Google Scholar.

page 3 note 1 Federal Ministry of Information, Report of the Constitution Drafting Committee Containing the Draft Constitution, Vol. 1 (Lagos, 1976), p. xliiiGoogle Scholar – hereinafter referred to as Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1.

page 3 note 2 Ibid. pp. xlii-xliii.

page 4 note 1 Source: prepared by the author from information appearing in Federal Ministry of Information, Reports of the Constitution Drafting Committee, Vol. II (Lagos, 1976), pp. 57Google Scholar – hereinafter referred to as Reports of the C.D.C., Vol. II.

page 5 note 1 Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1, p. xliii.

page 5 note 2 Reports of the C.D.C., Vol. II, p. 9.

page 5 note 3 Ibid. pp. 10–26.

page 5 note 4 Ibid. p. 37.

page 6 note 1 Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1, p. xiv.

page 6 note 2 Reports of the C.D.C., Vol. 11, p. 67.

page 6 note 3 Ibid. pp. 177–8.

page 6 note 4 Ibid. p. 210.

page 7 note 1 Ibid. pp. 210–11.

page 7 note 2 Ibid. p. 179.

page 7 note 3 Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1, p. 70.

page 7 note 4 Ibid. p. xlii.

page 8 note 1 Ibid. pp. x and 86.

page 8 note 2 Ibid. pp. ix and 11.

page 8 note 3 Ibid. p. v.

page 9 note 1 Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1, p. ii.

page 9 note 2 See ‘Political Issues in the Nigerian Draft Constitution’, Fourth Annual Conference of the Nigerian Political Science Association, Zaria, 1977; and Graf, op. cit. p. 27.

page 9 note 3 Official Gazette. Constituent Assembly Decree No. 50 of 1977, 1 June 1977.

page 9 note 4 Ibid. Section 2.

page 9 note 5 Ibid. Schedule 2, Section 3.

page 9 note 6 Nigeria Yearbook, 1979 (Apapa, 1979), pp. 466–7Google Scholar.

page 9 note 7 Decree No. 50, Section 1.

page 9 note 8 Graf, op. cit. p. 27.

page 10 note 1 Ibid. As might be expected, the Constituent Assembly resembled the C.D.C. in that it included Nigerians from business, the professions, the civil service, and the Universities. See also West Africa (London), 18 07 1977, p. 1455Google Scholar.

page 10 note 2 For example, at the Conference on Local Government held at the University of Ife, 23–4 February 1979, as yet unpublished.

page 10 note 3 Sorkaa, A. P., ‘Democracy and Local Government in Nigeria’, in Oyovbaire, S. Egite (ed.), Democracy in Nigeria. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference of the Nigerian Political Science Association,University of Ife, April 3–6, 1978 (Ife, 1978), p. 351Google Scholar.

page 11 note 1 Federal Ministry of Information, Federal Military Government Views on the Report of the Panel on Creation of States (Lagos, 1976), pp. 5 and 89Google Scholar.

page 11 note 2 Ibid. p. 10.

page 11 note 3 Ibid. pp. 12 and 14–15.

page 12 note 1 Ibid. p. 17.

page 12 note 2 Arnold, Guy, Modern Nigeria (London, 1976), p. 47Google Scholar.

page 12 note 3 Federal Military Government Views, p. 30.

page 13 note 1 Report of the C.D.C., Vol. 1, p. xxxviii.

page 13 note 2 Official Gazette Supplement, Federal Electoral Commission Decree, 26 05 1977, A207.

page 13 note 3 Ibid. Section 3(1) (b).

page 14 note 1 Nigeria Yearbook, 1979, pp. 437–61.

page 14 note 2 Supplement to the Official Gazette Extraordinary, No. 42, Vol 64, 1977, A287, Degree No. 60.

page 14 note 3 Ibid. No. 61, Vol. 64, 1977, A321.

page 15 note 1 Daily Times (Lagos), 14 11 1978Google Scholar.

page 15 note 2 Ibid. 27 December 1978.

page 17 note 1 Supplement to the Official Gazette Extraordinary, No. 9, Vol. 66, 1979. Part A, Decree No. 5.

page 17 note 2 Ibid. Section 1.

page 17 note 3 Ibid. Section 4.

page 17 note 4 Ibid. Section 6.

page 17 note 5 Ibid. Section 7.

page 17 note 6 Daily Times, 23 December 1978.

page 17 note 7 For the full report, see ibid. 6, 7, 9, and 11 September 1978.

page 18 note 1 The Punch (Lagos), 16 09 1978Google Scholar.

page 19 note 1 Daily Times, 14 September 1978.

page 19 note 2 New Nigerian (Kaduna), 15 September 1978.

page 19 note 3 Daily Times, 16 September 1978.

page 19 note 4 New Nigerian, 19 September 1978.

page 19 note 5 The Punch, 16 November 1978.

page 20 note 1 Daily Times, 28 December 1979.

page 20 note 2 Ibid. 18 January 1979.

page 20 note 3 Ibid. also The Punch, 19 January 1979.

page 20 note 4 Daily Times, 27 January 1979.

page 20 note 5 New Nigerian, 2 February 1979.

page 20 note 6 The Punch, 2 April 1978.

page 20 note 7 Sunday Times (Lagos), 24 06 1979Google Scholar. Of the total number of candidates possible for each office, Fedeco disqualified 35 per cent for Governorships, 27 per cent for the Senate, and 29 per cent for the House of Representatives.

page 20 note 8 Ibid.

page 21 note 1 Sag-Erese, reproduced in Graf, op. cit. p. 133.

page 22 note 1 Rapoport, Carla, ‘Why the Spending Stopped in Nigeria’, in Fortune (New York), 16 07 1979, p. 147Google Scholar.