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Halley in Istria, 1703; Navigator and Military Engineer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2009

A. H. Cook
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Extract

Nowadays it is as an astronomer that Halley is best known. While still an undergraduate at Oxford, he travelled to St Helena and there observed the positions of the southern stars and compiled a catalogue of them similar to those Hevelius and Flamsteed were making of the northern stars. In the last decades of his long life, when he was now the second Astronomer Royal, he began and finished a series of observations of the Moon for a complete saronic cycle of eighteen years. In the middle years of his life he made those observations and calculations of comets that we shall shortly recall with the return of the comet bearing his name. To many of us his outstanding contributions to knowledge and natural philosophy lie in his instigating Newton to undertake the studies that led to the Principia and in ensuring that it was written and published.

Type
The Duke of Edinburgh Lecture
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , January 1984 , pp. 1 - 23
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 1984

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References

NOTES AND REFERENCES

1 Armitage, A., Edmond Halley (London, 1966)Google Scholar.

2 Ronan, C. A., Edmond Halley, Genius in Eclipse (London, 1970)Google Scholar.

3 Cotter, C. H., Halley, Captain Edmond, R.N., F.R.S. Notes and Records of the Royal Society, 36 (1981), 61–77Google Scholar.

4 B.L. Add. MS 30368, fos. 1–47.

5 Thrower, N. J. W., The three voyages of Edmond Halley in the Paramore, 1698–1701 (London,The Hakluyt Society, 1981)Google Scholar.

6 B.L. Add. MS 30221, fos. 85, 92.

7 Roy. Soc. (London), Collectanea Newtoniana, IV (Ne.4.27), 27 Jan. 1701/2; Halley MSS XXI, f.49.

8 MacPike, E. F., Correspondence and Papers of Edmond Halley (Oxford, 1932)Google Scholar.

9 Op. cit.

10 Op. cit.

11 Luttrell, N., Brief Relation of State Affairs (Oxford, 1857)Google Scholar.

12 Biographia Britannica (London, 1757), ivGoogle Scholar.

13 B.L. Add. MS 7058–7078, 9387.

14 The Correspondence of Isaac Newton, ed. Turnbull, H. W., Scott, J. F., Hall, A. R. and Tilling, Laura (Cambridge, 1959–77), vol. III, pp. 258-60Google Scholar.

15 Westfall, R. S., Never at Rest, A Biography of Sir Isaac Newton (Cambridge, 1980), pp. 594–601Google Scholar.

16 B.L. Add. MS 7058, letters of Hedges to Stepney, 5 March, 13 and 30 April 1703.

17 P.R.O. SP 80/19, 20, 21.

18 P.R.O. SP 105/67, 68, 69, 70.

19 See later notes; I hope to publish Halley–s letters and related documents elsewhere.

20 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fos. 418, 419.

21 N.A. FH 275, p. 204, 4 Nov. 1702.

22 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 196, in letter of Stepney to Hedges, 10 March 1703.

23 S.L.G. HK 1703.1.53, fos. 10–12, Report of 11 Feb. 1703.

24 P.R.O. MPF 352 (4).

25 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania f.185, cc. 309–16, 17 March 1703, Halley's Memoriall, cc. 317–18.

26 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania, f. 185, cc. 327, 328, 24 March 1703, c. 333, 31 March, c. 340, 9 April.

27 See note 21 and P.R.O. SP 105/67, fos. 52–4.

28 P.R.O. SP 80/19, fo. 177, Stepney to Hedges, 20 Sept. 1702.

29 P.R.O. SP 84/224, fo. 226r, Stanhope to Nottingham, 1/12 Dec. 1702; fo. 232, Halley to Nottingham, 4/15 Dec. 1702; SP 80/19, fo. 434, Halley to Nottingham, 30 Dec. 1702.

30 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 50, Halley to Nottingham, 13/24 Jan. 1703.

31 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fo. 58, Stepney to Nottingham, lojan. 1703; fo. 75, Stepney to Hedges, 17 Jan. 1703.

32 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Inghilterra, f. 76, cc. 39, 40, 8 Dec. 1702.

33 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 50, Halley to Nottingham, 13/24 Jan. 1703.

34 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 109, Halley to Stepney, 24 Jan./4 Feb. 1703; SP 105/67, fo. 221, Halley to Stepney.

35 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fo. 294, Halley to Stepney, 6/17 Feb. 1703.

36 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 145, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 Feb. 1703, and SP 105/67, fo. 300.

37 S.L.G. HK 1703.1.53, fo. 5, Marc Antonio Orbich to Hofkammer, 15 Feb. 1703.

38 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 147, Halley to Nottingham, 27 Feb. 1703.

39 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 193, Stepney to Hedges, 10 March 1703; SP 105/67, fos. 418–19, Halley's Memoriall to the Emperor.

40 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 216, Stepney to Hedges, 17 March 1703.

41 B.L. Add. MS 7058, Hedges to Stepney, 16 March 1703.

42 B.L. Add. MS 7058, fo. 221, Hedges to Stepney, 13 April 1703.

43 B.L. Add. MS 7058, Hedges to Stepney, 30 April 1703.

44 Cal. S.P. Dom. 10 May 1703, p. 716; 7 May 1703, p. 711.

45 Cal. S.P. Dom. 19 May 1703, p.722.

46 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 160, Stepney to Hedges, 25 July 1703; fo. 168, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 July 1703.

47 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 367, Stepney to Hedges, 19 May 1703, fo. 380, Report from Buccellini. SP 80/21, fo. 2, Stepney to Hedges, 2 June 1703; fo. 8, Buccellini to Stepney; fo. 31, Stepney to Nottingham, 7 June.

48 P.R.O. SP 105/69, Halley to Stepney, 0/5 August 1703.

49 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 412, Stepney to Nottingham, 13 Oct. 1703.

50 B.L. Add. MS 29595, fo. 256, Nottingham to Hatton, 20 Nov. 1703.

51 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 109, Halley to Stepney, 4 Feb. 1703.

52 S.L.G. HK 1703.1.53, f. 10, Strasoldi to Hofkammer, 11 Feb. 1703.

53 Early eighteenth-century maps of Trieste: A. Matthias Weiss, Plan von Trieste (1730), Ö.F.W. C 16/35, also a view in C 16/26; Giovanni Pallavicini, Pianta della Citta (1734), Ö.K.W. Inland C III, Enveloppe D (a) Trieste n. 12; Ignoto, Plan von der Statt Triest (1749), Ö.F.W. O 16 (see F. Caputo, Le Carte del Impero, Venezia: Albrizzi, 1982); F. C. de Gerhard, Angolo di Fuoco della Batteria di S. Pietro (1760), Ö.F.W. M 40/2.

54 See note 7.

55 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 50, Halley to Nottingham, 13/24 Jan. 1703.

56 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 159, Halley to Stepney, 6/17 Feb. 1703 and SP 105/67, fo. 294.

57 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 193, Stepney to Hedges, 10 March 1703.

58 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fo. 300, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 Feb. 1703.

59 ibid.,

60 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 193, Stepney to Hedges, 10 March 1703.

61 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania, f. 185, c. 309, 17 March 1703.

62 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 145, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 Feb. 1703.

63 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fos. 418, 419, Halley's Memoriall to the Emperor.

64 S.L.G. HK 1703.1.53, fo. 5, M. A. Orbich to Hofkammer, 15 Feb. 1703.

65 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania, f. 185, c. 309, 17 March 1703.

66 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 145, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 Feb. 1703.

67 Ö F. W. Sammlung der Karten u. Plänen, C 16/33, 34.

68 N. A. FH 275, pp. 204–6, Queen's instructions.

69 S. L. G. HK 1703.1.53, fo. 10, Strasoldi to Hofkammer, 11 Feb. 1703.

70 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 145, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 Feb. 1703.

71 N.A. FH 275, pp. 204–6.

72 P.R.O. SP 105/67, fos. 418, 419, Halley's Memoriall. A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania, f. 185, c. 310, 17 March 1703.

73 P.R.O.SP 80/21, fo. 168, Halley to Nottingham, 14/25 July 1703; fo. 276, Halley to Stepney, 18 Aug. 1703; fo. 302, Halley to Nottingham, 1 Sept. 1703; fo. 345, Halley to Nottingham, 11/22 Sept. 1703; fo. 416, Halley to Nottingham, 2/13 Oct. 1703. P.R.O. SP 105/69, Halley to Stepney, 0/5 Aug., 0/11 Aug. 1703; Halley to Nottingham, 11 Aug. 1703; Halley to Stepney, 8 Sept., 15 Sept. 1703.

74 P.R.O. SP 105/70, Halley to Stepney, 15 Sept 1703.

75 A.S.V.: Senato, Dispacci Germania, f. 185, c. 310, 17 March 1703.

76 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 416, Halley to Nottingham, 2/13 Oct. 1703.

77 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 276, Halley to Stepney, 18 Aug. 1703.

78 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 302, Halley to Nottingham, 0/1 Sept. 1703.

79 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 416, Halley to Nottingham, 2/13 Oct. 1703.

80 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 302, Halley to Nottingham, 0/1 Sept 1703.

81 S.L.G. HK 1703. iv. 62, fos. 56–61.

82 P.R.O. SP 80/20, fo. 367, Stepney to Hedges, 19 May 1703.

83 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 8, Buccellini to Stepney, 2 June 1703.

84 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 31, Stepney to Nottingham, 7 June 1703.

85 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 238, Stepney to Hedges, 18 Aug. 1703.

86 P.R.O. SP 105/69, Halley to Nottingham, 11 August 1703.

87 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 302, Halley to Nottingham, 0/1 Sept. 1703.

88 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 345, Halley to Nottingham, 11/22 Sept. 1703.

89 P.R.O. SP 105/69, Halley to Stepney, 0/5 Aug. 1703.

90 P.R.O. SP 105–70, fo. 29, Halley to Stepney, 5 Sept. 1703.

91 P.R.O. SP 80/21, fo. 345, Halley to Nottingham, 11/22 Sept. 1703.

92 ibid.,

93 Ca. SP Dom., Anne 1703–4, p. 191.

94 B.L. Add. MS 29595, fo. 256.

95 Bodleian, Oxford University Archives, Ada Congregat. Univ. Oxon. 1703–23, fo. 251.

96 Westfall, Never at Rest, p.501.

97 See note 8.

98 Tamaro, A., Storia di Trieste, 2 vols. (Roma, 1924), vol. 11, p.137Google Scholar.

99 P.R.O. MPF 352(4).

100 Ö.F.W. C 16/fos. 37, 38 and 75.