Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-19T16:06:17.921Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ponticulocarpus, a new cornute-grade stylophoran from the Middle Cambrian Spence Shale of Utah

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Colin D. Sumrall  and
James Sprinkle
Colin D. Sumrall
Affiliation:
Frederick and Amey Geier Collections and Research Center, Cincinnati Museum Center, 1720 Gilbert Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45202
James Sprinkle
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin 78712
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Four specimens of a new cornute-grade stylophoran Ponticulocarpus robisoni new genus and species are described from the Spence Shale of northern Utah. Ponticulocarpus has wide and thin spinal and glossal processes interpreted as a mechanism for snowshoeing in a soft substrate. The presence of a posterior bar across the inferior posterior lobe, and two small bridges connecting the left adoral to M′2 on the superior face and connecting M1 to M3 on the inferior face are unique in cornute-grade stylophorans. The posterior bar may be homologous with the posterior marginals M′5 and M6 of other cornute-grade stylophorans, and an opening of the most posterior portion of the theca may have resulted in the development of the digital and glossal processes from marginals.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 73 , Issue 5 , September 1999 , pp. 886 - 891
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bather, F. A. 1913. Caradocian Cystidea from Girvan. Royal Society of Edinburgh, Transactions, 49:359–529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gill, E. D., and Caster, K. E. 1960. Carpoid echinoderms from the Silurian and Devonian of Australia. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 41:7–43.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1901. Über Carpoideen ein neue klasse Pelmatozoen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, 52:661–677.Google Scholar
Jefferies, R. P. S. 1967. Some fossil chordates with echinoderm affinities. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London, 20:163–208.Google Scholar
Jefferies, R. P. S. 1986. The Ancestry of the Vertebrates. British Museum (Natural History) and Cambridge University Press, London, 376 p.Google Scholar
Parsley, R. L. 1997. The echinoderm classes Stylophora and Homoiostelea: Non Calcichordata, p. 225–248. In Waters, J. A. and Maples, C. G. (eds.), Geobiology of Echinoderms, Paleontological Society Papers, Volume 3.Google Scholar
Parsley, R. L. 1998. Taxonomic revision of the Stylophora, p. 111–117. In Mooi, R. and Telford, M. (eds.), Echinoderms. San Francisco, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1965. Middle Cambrian eocrinoids from western North America. Journal of Paleontology, 39:355–364.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A. 1969. Fossil find furnishes link. Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey Quarterly Review, 3:1–2.Google Scholar
Robison, R. A., and Sprinkle, J. 1969. Ctenocystoidea: new class of primitive echinoderms. Science, 166:1512–1514.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sprinkle, J. 1973. Morphology and Evolution of Blastozoan Echinoderms. Museum of Comparative Zoology Special Publication, 283 p.Google Scholar
Sprinkle, J. 1976. Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of Cambrian echinoderms from the Rocky Mountains. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 23:61–73Google Scholar
Sprinkle, J. 1992. Radiation of Echinodermata, p. 375–398. In Lipps, J. H. and Signor, P. W. (eds.), Origins and early evolution of the Metazoa. Plenum, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumrall, C. D., Sprinkle, J., and Guensburg, T. E. 1997. Systematics and paleoecology of Late Cambrian echinoderms from the western United States. Journal of Paleontology, 71:1091–1109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1961. Sur la nature de l'organe appelé tige ou pédoncule chez les carpoïdes Cornuta et Mitrata. Académie des Sciences Paris, C. R. séances, 253:2738–2740.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1968 (1967). Stylophora, p. S495–S565. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. S, Echinodermata 1. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, New York and Lawrence.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G., and Robison, R. A. 1988. Homalozoan echinoderms of the Wheeler Formation (Middle Cambrian) of western Utah. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Paper 120, 1–17.Google Scholar