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Taxonomic revision of Ediacaran tubular fossils: Cloudina, Sinotubulites and Conotubus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2021

Ben Yang Open the ORCID record for Ben Yang [Opens in a new window] ,
Lucas V. Warren Open the ORCID record for Lucas V. Warren [Opens in a new window] ,
Michael Steiner Open the ORCID record for Michael Steiner [Opens in a new window] ,
Emily F. Smith Open the ORCID record for Emily F. Smith [Opens in a new window]  and
Pengju Liu
Ben Yang*
Affiliation:
MNR Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China ,
Lucas V. Warren
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University, Av. 24A, Rio Claro, 13506–900, Brazil
Michael Steiner
Affiliation:
College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 266590 Qingdao, China Department of Earth Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74–100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
Emily F. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA 21218, USA
Pengju Liu
Affiliation:
MNR Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China ,
*
*Corresponding author
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Abstract

The Ediacaran tubular fossils Cloudina, Sinotubulites, and Conotubus are taxonomically revised with type materials. It is proposed that Aulophycus lucianoi Beurlen and Sommer, 1957, is not a senior synonym of Cloudina hartmannae Germs, 1972. Instead, most of its syntypes may be assigned to Sinotubulites or other taxa. Lectotypes of Sinotubulites baimatuoensis Chen et al., 1981, and Conotubus hemiannulatus Zhang and Lin in Lin et al., 1986, are designated from rediscovered syntypes. Sinotubulites baimatuoensis Chen et al., 1981, is reported from the Mooifontein Member of Nama Group at Aar Farm, Namibia. Cloudina waldei Hahn and Pflug, 1985, is assigned to Sinotubulites baimatuoensis, and thus its occurrence range is extended to Brazil. The lectotype of Conotubus hemiannulatus shows corrugations and annulations on the surface distinguishing it from Cloudina and other collared Ediacaran tubular fossils. Based on the taxonomic revision, we propose a Cloudina hartmannae Interval Zone for the terminal Ediacaran with the upper boundary defined by the first appearance datum of Protohertzina anabarica (i.e., the index fossil of the early Cambrian Anabarites trisulcatus-Protohertzina anabarica Assemblage Zone).

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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 96 , Issue 2 , March 2022 , pp. 256 - 273
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

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