Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T21:41:09.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Work histories and the access to contributory pensions: the case of Uruguay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2008

MARISA BUCHELI
Affiliation:
Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, Uruguay (e-mail: Marisa@decon.edu.uy, Alvarof@decon.edu.uy, Ianina@decon.edu.uy)
ALVARO FORTEZA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, Uruguay (e-mail: Marisa@decon.edu.uy, Alvarof@decon.edu.uy, Ianina@decon.edu.uy)
IANINA ROSSI
Affiliation:
Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República, Uruguay (e-mail: Marisa@decon.edu.uy, Alvarof@decon.edu.uy, Ianina@decon.edu.uy)

Abstract

Incomplete and highly fragmented work histories threaten to leave many contributors of the pension schemes in Latin America without the minimum pension guarantee or even without access to the ordinary pension. We propose a methodology to assess this risk, identify vulnerable groups and study potential determinants of the history of contributions using information from the work history records of the social security institutions. We apply this methodology to the largest social security institution of Uruguay, the Banco de Previsión Social (BPS), and show that the majority of contributors to this institution might not comply with the minimum number of years of contribution that is currently required to access an ordinary pension when they reach the retirement age.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Albrecht, J., Navarro, L., and Vroman, S. (2008) The effects of labor market policies in an economy with an informal sector. Georgetown University and Queen Mary, University of London.Google Scholar
Arenas de Mesa, A., Behrman, J., and Bravo, D. (2004) Characteristics of and determinants of the density of contributions in private social security system. Documento presentado en el encuentro anual de economistas de Chile del 2004. Michigan University.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Auerbach, P., Genoni, M. E., and Pagés, C. (2005) Social security coverage and the labor market in developing countries. Inter-American Development Bank, 537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, A. and Packard, T. (2003) Preferences, constraints, and substitutes for coverage under Peru's pension system. The World Bank, 31.Google Scholar
Barrientos, A. (1996) Pension reform and pension coverage in Chile: lessons for other countries. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 15: 309322.Google Scholar
Barrientos, A. (1998) Pension reform, personal pensions and gender differences in pension coverage. World Development, 26: 125137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berstein, S., Larraín, G., and Pino, F. (2006) Chilean pension reform: coverage facts and policy alternatives. Economía, 6: 227279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berstein, S., Larraín, G., and Pino, F. (2005) Cobertura, densidad y pensiones en Chile: Proyecciones a 20 Años Plazo, Serie Documentos de Trabajo No. 12, Superintendencia de AFP, Santiago, Chile.Google Scholar
Bertranou, F. and Sánchez, A. (2003) Características y determinantes de la densidad de aportes a la seguridad social en la Argentina 1994–2001. ILO 24.Google Scholar
Bravo, D., Behrman, J., Mitchell, O., and Todd, P. (2006) Encuesta de protección social 2004. Presentación general y principales resultados. Subsecretaría de Previsión Social, Chile. Available on http://www.proteccionsocial.cl/documentos2004.htm.Google Scholar
Bucheli, M., Ferreira-Coimbra, N., Forteza, A., and Rossi, I. (2005) El acceso a la jubilación o pensión en Uruguay: ¿Cuántos y quiénes lo lograrían? Documento de trabajo 01/06 dECON-Universidad de la República, Uruguay and Serie Estudios y Perspectivas, CEPAL, Oficina de Montevideo (LC/L.2487; LC/MVD/L.34).Google Scholar
Bucheli, M., Forteza, A., and Rossi, I. (2006) Seguridad social y género en Uruguay: Un análisis de las diferencias de acceso a la jubilación. Documento de trabajo 04/06 dECON-Universidad de la República, Uruguay.Google Scholar
Bustamante, I. and Paola, J. (2006) Factores que inciden en la cobertura del sistema pensional en Colombia. Departamento Nacional de Planeación, Dirección de Estudios Económicos, Bogota, República de Colombia.Google Scholar
De Biase, M. and Grushka, C. O. (2003) Historias previsionales y la regularidad de los afiliados al SIJP, in Historias Laborales en la Seguridad Social, Serie de publicaciones de la Secretaría de Seguridad Social, Año I, N°1, Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social, Argentina.Google Scholar
Farall, R. A., Aisenberg, D., Bourquin, M., Caviglia, E., Dabusti, F., Mychaszula, S., Pena, H., Sanmiguel, A., and Zagaglia, D. (2003) Estudio sobre la frecuencia de los aportes en el SIJP. Una primera aproximación hacia las historias laborales, in Historias Laborales en la Seguridad Social, Serie de publicaciones de la Secretaría de Seguridad Social, Año I, N°1, Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social, Argentina.Google Scholar
Ferreira-Coimbra, N. and Forteza, A. (2004) Protección Social en Uruguay: Financiamiento, Cobertura y Desempeño, 1990–2002. ILO, Santiago de Chile.Google Scholar
Galiani, S. and Weinschelbaum, F. (2006) Modeling informality formally: households and firms. Universidad de San Andrés and Washington University in Saint Louis.Google Scholar
Gill, I., Packard, T., and Yermo, J. (2003) Keeping the Promise of Old Age Income Security in Latin America. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Harris, J. and Todaro, M. (1970) Migration, unemployment & development: A two-sector analysis. American Economic Review, March 1970; 60(1):126142.Google Scholar
Hirschman, Albert O. (1970) Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R. and Hinz, R. (2005) Old age income support in the 21st century: an international perspective on pension systems and reform. The World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holzmann, R., Packard, T., and Cuesta, J. (2000) Extending coverage in multi-pillar pension systems: constraints and hypotheses, preliminary evidence and future research agenda. New Ideas About Old Age Security, The World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, S. (2005) Survival analysis. Available on http://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/teaching/degree/stephenj/ec968/Google Scholar
Lagomarsino, G. and Lanzilotta, B. (2004) Densidad de aportes a la seguridad social en Uruguay. Análisis de su evolución y determinantes a partir de los datos registrales de historia laboral (1997–2003). Equipo de Representación de los trabajadores en el BPS, Montevideo.Google Scholar
Li, C. A. and Olivera, J. (2005) Participation in the Peruvian reformed pension system. Economics Discussion Papers 592, University of Essex, Department of Economics.Google Scholar
Mortensen, D. and Pissarides, C. (1994) Job creation and job destruction in the theory of unemployment. Review of Economic Studies, 61: 397415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moulton, B. R. (1990) An illustration of a pitfall in estimating the effects of aggregate variables on micro units. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(2): 334338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Packard, T. (2001) Is there a positive incentive effect from privatizing social security? Evidence from Latin America. World Bank Policy Research WP 2719, The World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Packard, T., McCarthy, D., Quintanilla, X., and Yermo, J. (2006) Policies for better old age income support in Chile. In Chile: Towards equality of opportunity, 2006–2017, Policy Note 3, The World Bank.Google Scholar
Packard, T., Shinkai, N., and Fuentes, R. (2003) The reach of social security in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: The World Bank.Google Scholar
Palacios, R. and Pallares-Miralles, M. (2000) International patterns of pension provision. Social Protection Discussion Papers Series, The World Bank 102.Google Scholar
Perry, G., Maloney, W. F., Arias, O. F., Fajnzylber, P., Mason, A. D., and Saavedra-Chanduvi, J. (2007) Informality, Exit and Exclusion. Washington, DC: The World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rofman, R. and Lucchetti, L. (2006) Social security in Latin America: concepts and measurements of coverage. The World Bank, 131.Google Scholar
STATA (2003) Survival Analysis and Epidemiological Tables. Texas: USA: STATA Corporation.Google Scholar
Zioli Fernandes, A. (2003) O CNIS como fonte de dados estatisticos: uma abordagem inicial. Brazil, in Historias Laborales en la Seguridad Social, Serie de publicaciones de la Secretaría de Seguridad Social, Año I, N°1, Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social, Argentina.Google Scholar