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British Mercantile Cooperation in the India-China Trade from the End of the East India Company's Trading Monopoly*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Ian Nish
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Extract

“[Your committee] are not aware that anything material has been omitted that could have conduced to the welfare of the Association, or the trade of India and China generally…They have not failed to maintain their communications with the different Presidencies in India and the Chambers of Commerce at Canton and Singapore.”

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Southeast Asian History , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , September 1962 , pp. 74 - 91
Copyright
Copyright © The National University of Singapore 1962

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References

page 74 note 1. London East India and Chinese Association/report for 1838. (hereafter cited as London Association)

page 76 note 1. The Days of John Company: Selections from the Calcutta Gazette, 1824–34 Gupta, A. C. Das, (Calcutta, 1959).Google Scholar

page 77 note 1. Asiatic Journal (New series), vol. XIV, 1834.Google Scholar

page 77 note 2. The London association report for 1839.

page 78 note 1. Tyson, G. W., Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry, 1853–1953, (Calcutta 1952), pp. 179–180.Google Scholar

page 78 note 2. James Finlay and Company 1750–1950 (Glasgow 1952) p. 160.Google Scholar Kirkman Finlay to Finlay, Alexander Struthers (in Bombay), 6 10 1836.Google Scholar Parentheses mine.

page 78 note 3. Greenberg, M., British trade and the opening of China, 1800–42, (Cambridge 1951) p. 37.Google ScholarBengal and Agra Directory and Annual Register for 1843.Google Scholar

page 79 note 1. Greenberg, , op. cit., p. 199.Google Scholar

page 79 note 2. Bengal and Agra Directory for 1943.

page 79 note 3. Greenberg, , op. cit., p. 39.Google Scholar

page 79 note 4. Greenberg, , op. cit., pp. 192–195.Google ScholarThe Chinese Repository, vol. III, p. 339.Google Scholar

page 80 note 1. The Chinese Repository vol. VI, p. 44.Google Scholar

page 80 note 2. Ibid.

page 80 note 3. Ibid., p. 47.

page 80 note 4. Ibid., vol. VI, p. 327.

page 80 note 5. Ibid., vol. VII, pp. 441–450.

page 81 note 1. The Chinese Repository, vol. XVI, pp. 87–92.

page 81 note 2. Ibid.

page 81 note 3. Fairbank, J. K., Trade and diplomacy on the China Coast, (Harvard 1953) vol. I, p. 273.Google Scholar

page 81 note 4. Makepeace, , One Hundred Years of Singapore, (London 1921) vol. II, p. 33.Google Scholar

page 82 note 1. Liverpool East India and China Association report for 1856 (hereafter cited as Liverpool association); Buckley, , Anecdotal history of Singapore, vol. II, p. 599.Google Scholar

page 82 note 2. London Association report for 1841.

page 82 note 3. London Association report for 1848.

page 83 note 1. Asiatic Journal, New series, vol. XIV, 1834.Google Scholar

page 83 note 2. Makepeace, op. cit., vol. II, p. 33.Google Scholar

page 84 note 1. I have tried to analyse some aspects in “An East India Merchant House in the China trade in the 1830s”, Bulletin of the Business Archives Council of Australia, vol. I, No. 6 (1959), pp. 1–11.

page 84 note 2. Tripathi, A, Trade and Finance in the Bengal Presidency, 1793–1833, (Calcutta 1956), p. 242.Google Scholar

page 84 note 3. Report of a committee of the Liverpool East India Association on the subject of trade with India, presented at a general meeting on 21 March 1828.

page 85 note 1. Cockerill and Larpent was linked with Cockerill who had been the main sponsor of the Bengal Chamber in 1834.

page 85 note 2. The Liverpool Association report for 1855 is described as the 14th annual report which means that the first was issued in 1841. But British parliamentary papers show that the Liverpool Association addressed Palmerston on 4 October 1839 in a letter signed by W. Nichol as chairman. Memorials addressed to H. M. Government by British merchants interested in the Trade with China (1840) pp. 5–7.

page 85 note 3. I am grateful to the secretary of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce for some of this information.

page 85 note 4. It is referred to in the London Association report for 1848.

page 85 note 5. Minutes of the Glasgow Chamber of Commerce, vol V. I am grateful for this reference to the secretary of the chamber.

page 86 note 1. Tripathi, , op. cit., p. 242.Google Scholar

page 86 note 2. Glasgow Association report for 1840; London Association report for 1839.

page 86 note 3. Memorials addressed to H. M. Government by British merchants interested in the Trade with China (Aug. 1840).

page 86 note 4. London Association report for 1841

page 87 note 1. Redford, A., Manchester Merchants and Foreign Trade, 1794–1858, (Manchester 1939), vol. I, p. 119.Google Scholar

page 87 note 2. London Association report for 1840.

page 87 note 3. Redford, , op. cit., vol. I, p. 119.Google Scholar

page 88 note 1. Liverpool Association report for 1857. Chairman to Clarendon, 23 February 1857.

page 88 note 2. Ibid. Chairman to Clarendon, 17 June 1857.

page 89 note 1. Pelcovits, N. A., Old China Hands and the Foreign Office, (New York 1948).Google Scholar