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Fatty acid composition as an indicator of possible sources of nutrition for soft corals of the genus Sinularia (Alcyoniidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2012

Andrey B. Imbs  and
Nikolay A. Latyshev
Andrey B. Imbs*
Affiliation:
A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia
Nikolay A. Latyshev
Affiliation:
A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A.B. Imbs, A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Palchevskogo str., 17, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia email: andrey_imbs@hotmail.com.
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Abstract

Fatty acids (FAs) composition of eight zooxanthellate soft corals, Sinularia leptoclados, S. flexibilis, S. aff. deformis, S. lochmodes, S. cf. muralis, S. densa, S. notanda and S. cruciata collected in Van Phong Bay (Vietnam) were studied to identify possible origin of unsaturated FAs. The main FAs were 14:0, 16:0, 7-Me-16:1n-10, 16:1n-7, 16:2n-7, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:4n-3, 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3, 24:5n-6 and 24:6n-3. On the average, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) contributed 35.6, 6.2 and 54.0% of total coral FAs, respectively. PUFAs of n-6 series predominated in all animals (n-6/n-3 > 1.6). The content of 20:4n-6 varied from 10.2 to 23.8%. The main n-3 PUFA was 18:4n-3 (on the average, 5.4%); the contribution of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, typical PUFAs of marine organisms, was not more than 2.4 and 3.9%, respectively. In Sinularia, PUFAs were produced by endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae) and the coral host tissue, or obtained with food. Zooxanthellae can be considered as the source of C16 PUFAs and 18:4n-3. The coral host synthesized 18:2n-7, 24:5n-6 and 24:6n-3 acids. The low content of 18:1n-7, saturated odd-chain FAs and saturated methyl-branched FAs indicated a negligible contribution of bacteria to total lipids of Sinularia. A comparison of the levels of diatom and dinoflagellate FA markers in coral and plankton lipids showed eukaryotic microalgae to play a secondary role in feeding of Sinularia. The high level of 20:4n-6 may be considered as an indicator of heterotrophic feeding of Sinularia.

Keywords

fatty acidstrophic markerssoft coralsSinulariazooxanthellae
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 92 , Issue 6 , September 2012 , pp. 1341 - 1347
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2011

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