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Phenotypic divergence despite high gene flow in chokka squid Loligo reynaudii (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae): implications for fishery management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2015

J.S.F. Van Der Vyver ,
W.H.H. Sauer ,
N.J. McKeown ,
D. Yemane ,
P.W. Shaw  and
M.R. Lipinski Open the ORCID record for M.R. Lipinski [Opens in a new window]
J.S.F. Van Der Vyver*
Affiliation:
Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
W.H.H. Sauer
Affiliation:
Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
N.J. McKeown
Affiliation:
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
D. Yemane
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Branch: Fisheries Management, Cape Town, South Africa Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X2, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape Town, South Africa
P.W. Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
M.R. Lipinski
Affiliation:
Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
*
Correspondence should be addressed to:J.S.F. Van der Vyver, Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa email: frikkie5er@gmail.com
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Abstract

The commercially important chokka squid Loligo reynaudii occurring in South African waters is currently managed on a single-unit stock hypothesis. We tested this assumption through a spatial comparison of the morphology throughout the distributional range of the species. Forty-three morphometric characters were measured from 1079 chokka collected off the south coast of South Africa, the west coast of South Africa, and southern Angola. While no significant differences were found in the hard body parts, results from classification analysis showed that though all four types of morphometric attributes (soft body parts, beaks, statoliths, sucker rings) resulted in some separation, the most consistent separation of samples from the three regions was based on soft body part morphometric characters. On average, though dependent on the model, the overall correct classification rate ranged from 0.68–0.99 for males and 0.7–0.99 for females in all three regions. Previous DNA analysis had revealed some genetic differences between west coast and south coast samples, suggesting the confluence of the cold Benguela and warm Agulhas current may act as the approximate point of a phenotypic and possible genetic breakpoint. Finer scale genetic analysis of samples collected across the Benguela–Agulhas confluence reported no significant genetic structuring in this area suggesting environmental heterogeneity and not restriction of genetic flow/isolation as the primary driver of the observed phenotypic divergence.

Keywords

CephalopodsmorphologymicrosatellitesLoliginidaesouthern Africa
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 96 , Issue 7 , November 2016 , pp. 1507 - 1525
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2015 

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