^{page 661 note 1} My “Evolution of the Buddhist Cult”: Asiat. Quart. Rev., 1912, 140, 158 fGoogle Scholar. “Buddha's Diadem”: Ostasiatischen Zeitschrift, ii, 1914.Google Scholar

^{page 661 note 2} Mahāvagga, Introd., xv ff.Google Scholar

^{page 662 note 1} Macdonell, , Hist. Sanskrit Lit., 1905, 306–7Google Scholar; Imp. Gaz. India, 1908, ii, 292.Google Scholar

^{page 662 note 2} Cf. also Bloomfield, , Atharva Veda, Strassburg, 1899, 27.Google Scholar

^{page 662 note 3} Macdonell, , op. cit., 306.Google Scholar

^{page 662 note 4} 1911, 1151.

^{page 663 note 1} Cf. Csoma, , “Analysis,” Asiatic Researches, xx, 413 f.Google Scholar; also Feer, 's translation, 250 f.Google Scholar

^{page 663 note 2} For details see after.

^{page 664 note 1} Dīgha Nīkāya, 2nd ed., Davids, Rhys & Carpenter, J. E., London, 1903, 1 f.Google Scholar

^{page 664 note 2} Fausböll, , Jātaka Index, 1897, 126Google Scholar; Neumann, K. E., Reden Gotamo Buddho Langern Sammlung, 1907Google Scholar; Encyc. Relig, and Ethics, i, 603, 1908Google Scholar; Warren, H. C., Buddhism in Transls., 1909, 56Google Scholar; Winternitz, , JRAS. 1911, 1146Google Scholar; Franke, R. O., Dīgha Nikāya, Göttingen, 1913, 179.Google Scholar

^{page 665 note 1} Childers, ' Pali Dict., 47Google Scholar; Winternitz, , Gesch. des Indischer Lit., ii, 128.Google Scholar

^{page 665 note 2} Cf. Sanskrit lexicons; also Childers, ' Dict., 47.Google Scholar

^{page 666 note 1} Cf. my article, JASB., pt. i, 1897, 76 ff.Google Scholar, and Proceedings, 1899, June.

^{page 666 note 2} Müller, E., Proc. Or. Congress, 1894, 167 f.Google Scholar

^{page 666 note 3} Macdonell, , Imp. Gaz. Ind., ii, 60, 1908.Google Scholar

^{page 666 note 4} Many of these tales have been translated or summarized by Burnouf, , Introd. Bud. Ind., 64 f.Google Scholar; Mitra, , Nepalese, Buddhist Lit., 318 f.Google Scholar; Schiefner, 's Tibet Tales, trs. Ralston, 1893.Google Scholar

^{page 666 note 5} Mitra, , op. cit., 318–98Google Scholar; Feer, , Analyse du Kandjour, Mus. Guimet, 557.Google Scholar

^{page 666 note 6} See former note, p. 664.

^{page 666 note 7} In the Nepalese Sanskrit version they are stated by Burnouf to represent the Vinaya. Introd. B. I., 2nd ed., 207.Google Scholar

^{page 667 note 1} Feer, , op. cit., 557–8.Google Scholar

^{page 667 note 2} Vol. iii, pp. 4 f.

^{page 667 note 3} See numerous examples in Mitra, , op. cit., 318–19Google Scholar; also Csoma, , Asiatic Researches, xx, 481 fGoogle Scholar. Burnouf, , Introd., 2nd ed., 424f.Google Scholar The “Avadāna Kalpalatā” is not really an exception.

^{page 668 note 1} Op. cit., 54.

^{page 668 note 2} The British Museum unfortunately does not possess a single manuscript copy.

^{page 668 note 3} The Burmese printed edition of 1900–8 spells the word ^opadāna, Dr. Barnett kindly informs me, but this may have been influenced by the Pali Text Society's edition, which was previously published.

^{page 669 note 1} Cf. Childers, ' Dict., 314Google Scholar. For details see later.

^{page 669 note 2} Wilson, , Sansk. Dict., 562Google Scholar; Apte, do., 563; St. Petersb. Lexicon (Greater), 4, 1026.

^{page 670 note 1} Childers, , Dict., 314Google Scholar, first part of definition of Padhānaṁ; also Padhāno and Samma-Padhānam.

^{page 670 note 2} StPetersb, . ed., 1911, 39; also 63²⁰¹.Google Scholar

^{page 670 note 3} Abhidharma-kośa, cf. Burnouf, , Introd., 2nd ed., 510.Google Scholar

^{page 670 note 4} Tibetan transl, in Tan-gyur, Mdo-Val Ś (27), India Off. ed., ff. 214, etc. Translated from the Sanskrit by Atiśa (eleventh century a.d.) and others. Cf. also Poussin, , Études, 1898, 127 f.Google Scholar, for commentary on same; also Mitra, Raj. L., Nepal. Buddhist Lit., 47 f., for abstract.Google Scholar

^{page 670 note 5} Childers, , Dict., 314.Google Scholar

^{page 670 note 6} Id., 314.

^{page 670 note 7} Id., 314.

^{page 671 note 1} Childers, , Dict., 157, 312, 314Google Scholar; Hardy, 's Man. Buddhism.Google Scholar

^{page 672 note 1} See above, also Dict., 157, 314.Google Scholar

^{page 672 note 2} It is remarkable that Mahāyānists (as noted by Burnouf, , Introd. Bud. Ind., 625Google Scholar; Lotus, 310 f.)Google Scholar have replaced the padhāna here by prahāṇa (= abandonment). Cf. also Mahāvyutpatti, St. Pet. ed., 1911, 16⁴⁰.

^{page 672 note 3} Cf. Aṅga-pradhāna-Bheda, Kātyayāna, Śrauta-sūtrāṇi, 1, 2, 18; 417; also Manu, , 9, 121Google Scholar; Pānini, , 1, 2, 56Google Scholar, quoted by St. Petersb. Lexicon. Cf. also Pradhāna guṇabhuta in Rig Veda, v. 96.

^{page 673 note 1} In Tibetan 'Dsaṅs-blun, i.e. “The Wise Man and the Foolish”. Cf. Csoma, , Asiatic Researches, xx, 480Google Scholar, translated by Schmidt, , 1843Google Scholar. The Sanskrit for this Prakrit title is evidently Dharmat-muka.

^{page 673 note 2} Jaeschke, , Tibetan Dict., 434.Google Scholar

^{page 673 note 3} Id., 434.

^{page 673 note 4} For his form in Indian Buddhism see my Buddhism of Tibet, 15, 35–2.Google Scholar

^{page 673 note 5} Csoma, , Asiatic Researches, xx, 549.Google Scholar

^{page 674 note 1} Notably in the translation of this text in the “Sacred Books of Buddhists”, vol. iii, 13 f.Google Scholar

^{page 674 note 2} For full evidence see my “Buddha's Diadem”, loc. cit. Mahā-Puruṣa is the title of Viṣṇu both in the Mahābhārata (12, 12864)Google Scholar and Rāmāyaṇa (6, 102).Google Scholar

^{page 674 note 3} JRAS. 1894, 386Google Scholar, with reference to paragraphs 17–30 of this first part of this Suttanta, which recur in the Acchariyabhuta Sutta, No. 123 of the Majjhima Nikāya.

^{page 675 note 1} Mahābhārata, 13, 939.Google Scholar

^{page 675 note 2} Mahā-Pradhāna is probably the Buddhist form, as it is not found in the greater St. Petersburg Lexicon.

^{page 676 note 1} Abstracted by Csoma, , As. Res., xx, 418–16Google Scholar. It has nothing to do with the Bhadra-Kalpa Avadāna of the Nepalese, which seems mostly a re-arrangement of tales from the Asokāvadāna. Cf. Mitra, R. L., Nep. Budd. Lit., 42.Google Scholar

^{page 677 note 1} Cunningham, , Stupa Bharhut, pl. 29, 1, 2, 3Google Scholar; 30, 1–3; Inscriptions, liv, 67, liii, 3, c, etc. Hultzsch, , Ind. Ant., 1892, p. 234Google Scholar, Nos. 24, 64, 81, 84, 88.

^{page 677 note 2} These “seven” Buddhas (i.e. by including the historical Buddha with the six) are invoked by Buddha in the Cullā Vagga (v. 6)Google Scholar in connexion with a snake-charm, Buddha being made to say “I revere the Blessed One and the Seven Supreme Buddhas” (Warren, , Buddh. in Transls., 1909, 303)Google Scholar. It is incredible that Śākya Muni would invoke himself, yet Oldenberg places the Cullā Vagga to near Buddhaās own day.

^{page 677 note 3} Its bulk is also increased by a list of one thousand fanciful successors of Maitreya, the future Buddha.

^{page 678 note 1} Not Pabhāvatī, in error in “Sacred Books of the Buddhists”, iii, 7Google Scholar. Cf. text, p. 7.

^{page 678 note 2} Cf. Csoma, , xx, 413 f.Google Scholar, with “Sacred Books of the Buddhists”, iii, 5–7.Google Scholar

^{page 679 note 1} Dowson, , Hind. Mythology, 382–3Google Scholar; Hastings, , Encycl. Religion Ethics, i, 188, 202.Google Scholar

^{page 679 note 2} Later Pāli texts extend number to 125,000(!), Hardy, , Man. Buddhism, 95.Google Scholar

^{page 679 note 3} Cf. Muller, , “Apadāna of South,” Proc. Orient. Cong., 1894, 167.Google Scholar