Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T13:03:02.582Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A survey on blockchain-based platforms for IoT use-cases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2020

Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury
Affiliation:
La Trobe University, VIC, Australia e-mail: m.chowdhury@latrobe.edu.au
Md Sadek Ferdous
Affiliation:
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh e-mail: sadek-cse@sust.edu Imperial College London, London, UK e-mail: s.ferdous@imperial.ac.uk
Kamanashis Biswas
Affiliation:
Australian Catholic University, NSW, Australia e-mail: kamanashis.biswas@acu.edu.au
Niaz Chowdhury
Affiliation:
Open University, Milton Keynes, UK e-mail: niaz.chowdhury@open.ac.uk
Vallipuram Muthukkumarasamy
Affiliation:
Griffith University, QLD, Australia e-mail: v.muthu@griffith.edu.au

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently emerged as an innovative technology capable of empowering various areas such as healthcare, agriculture, smart cities, smart homes and supply chain with real-time and state-of-the-art sensing capabilities. Due to the underlying potential of this technology, it already saw exponential growth in a wide variety of use-cases in multiple application domains. As researchers around the globe continue to investigate its aptitudes, a collective agreement is that to get the best out of this technology and to harness its full potential, IoT needs to sit upon a flexible network architecture with strong support for security, privacy and trust. On the other hand, blockchain (BC) technology has recently come into prominence as a breakthrough technology with the potential to deliver some valuable properties such as resiliency, support for integrity, anonymity, decentralization and autonomous control. Several BC platforms are proposed that may be suitable for different use-cases, including IoT applications. In such, the possibility to integrate the IoT and BC technology is seen as a potential solution to address some crucial issues. However, to achieve this, there must be a clear understanding of the requirements of different IoT applications and the suitability of a BC platform for a particular application satisfying its underlying requirements. This paper aims to achieve this goal by describing an evaluation framework which can be utilized to select a suitable BC platform for a given IoT application.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Angraal, S., Krumholz, H. M. & Schulz, W. L. 2017. Blockchain technology: applications in health care. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 10(9). doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.003800.Google ScholarPubMed
Atzori, L., Iera, A. & Morabito, G. 2010. The internet of things: a survey. Computer Networks 54, 27872805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biggs, J. Hackers release source code for a powerful ddos app called mirai, TechCrunch.Google Scholar
Biswas, K., Muthukkumarasamy, V. & Tan, W. L. 2017. Vacci-chain: a safe and smarter vaccine storage and monitoring system. In Symposium on Distributed Ledger Technology - SDLT ’17.Google Scholar
Brodersen, C., Kalis, B., Leong, C., Mitchell, E., Pupo, E., Truscott, A. & Accenture, L. 2016. Blockchain: Securing a New Health Interoperability Experience. Ed: Accenture, LLP.Google Scholar
Chowdhury, N. 2019. Inside Blockchain, Bitcoin, and Cryptocurrencies. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chowdhury, M. J. M., Ferdous, M. S. & Biswas, K. 2018. Blockchain platforms for IoT use-cases. In 2nd Symposium on Distributed Ledger Technology (SDLT).Google Scholar
Chowdhury, M. J. M., Ferdous, M. S., Biswas, K., Chowdhury, N., Kayes, A. S. M., Alazab, M. & Watters, P. 2019. A comparative analysis of distributed ledger technology platforms. IEEE Access 7, 167930167943.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chowdhury, N., Ramachandran, M., Third, A., Mikroyannidis, A., Bachler, M. & Domingue, J. 2020. Towards a blockchain-based decentralised educational landscape. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, and On-line Learning, Valencia, Spain.Google Scholar
Cocchia, A. 2014. Smart and digital city: a systematic literature review. In Smart City: How to Create Public and Economic Value with High Technology in Urban Space, Dameri, R. P. & Rosenthal-Sabroux, C. (eds). Springer, Ch. 2, 1343.Google Scholar
Dubovitskaya, A., Xu, Z., Ryu, S., Schumacher, M. & Wang, F. 2017. How blockchain could empower eHealth: an application for radiation oncology. In VLDB Workshop on Data Management and Analytics for Medicine and Healthcare. Springer, 36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferdous, M. S., Chowdhury, M. J. M., Biswas, K., Chowdhury, N. & Muthukkumarasamy, V. 2020. Immutable autobiography of smart cars leveraging blockchain technology. Knowledge Engineering Review 35. doi: 10.1017/S0269888920000028.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Global Smart Homes Market to Leverage Advancement of IoT and Improvement in Consumer Acceptance Spurring Demand. https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pressrelease/smart-homes-market.htm (accessed 10 June 2019).Google Scholar
Harbor, C. Iota Data Marketplace. https://data.iota.org/ (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Insight, L. 2016. How consumer demand for transparency is shaping the food industry. https://www.labelinsight.com/hubfs/Label_Insight-Food-Revolution-Study.pdf (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
White Paper, IOTA. https://iota.org/IOTA_Whitepaper.pdf (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Jentzsch, C.Slock.it IoT Layer. https://blog.slock.it/slock-it-iot-layer-f305601df963 (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Kuo, T.-T., Kim, H.-E. & Ohno-Machado, L. 2017. Blockchain distributed ledger technologies for biomedical and health care applications. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 24(6), 12111220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, L., Liu, X. & Li, X. 2012. Cloud-based service composition architecture for internet of things. In Internet of Things. Springer, 559–564.Google Scholar
MacGillivray, C., Turner, V., Lamy, L., Prouty, K., Segal, R., Siviero, A., Torchia, M., Vesset, D., Westervelt, R. & Yesner, R. 2016. IDC FutureScape: Worldwide Internet of Things 2017 Predictions.Google Scholar
Mediledger. https://www.mediledger.com/network (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Miller, H. G. & Mork, P. 2013. From data to decisions: a value chain for Big Data. IT Professional 15(1), 5759.Google Scholar
Moeco, 2018. Moeco Whitepaper. Technical report v 0.9, Moeco.io. (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
NetObjex Platform. https://www.netobjex.com/ (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Nugent, T., Upton, D. & Cimpoesu, M. 2016. Improving Data Transparency in Clinical Trials Using Blockchain Smart Contracts. F1000Research 5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panarello, A., Tapas, N., Merlino, G., Longo, F., & Puliafito, A. 2018. Blockchain and IoT integration: a systematic survey. Sensors 18(8). doi:10.3390/s18082575.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peterson, K., Deeduvanu, R., Kanjamala, P. & Boles, K. 2016. A blockchain-based approach to health information exchange networks. In Proceedings of NIST Workshop Blockchain Healthcare, 1, 110.Google Scholar
QuantumMechanic, Proof of Stake Instead of Proof of Work. https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=27787.0 (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Ramachandran, M. Chowdhury, N., Third, A., Domingue, J., Quick, K. & Bachler, M. 2020. Towards complete decentralised verification of data with confidentiality: different ways to connect solid pods and blockchain. In Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference, Taipei, Taiwan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schöner, M. M., Kourouklis, D., Sandner, P., Gonzalez, E. & Förster, J. 2017. Blockchain Technology in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Frankfurt School Blockchain Center.Google Scholar
Slock.it — Decentralizing the Emerging Sharing Economy, 2015. https://blog.slock.it/slock-it-decentralizing-the-emerging-sharing-economy-cf19ce09b957 (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Slock.it Platform. https://slock.it/ (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Smith, M. In Wake of Romaine E. coli Scare, Walmart Deploys Blockchain to Track Leafy Greens. https://news.walmart.com/2018/09/24/in-wake-of-romaine-e-coli-scare-walmart-deploys-blockchain-to-track-leafy-greens (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Sniderman, B., Mahto, M. & Cotteler, M. J. 2016. Industry 4.0 and Manufacturing Ecosystems. Deloitte Industry Report.Google Scholar
Waltonchain Progressive Mining Reward Program. https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Proof-of-Stake-FAQ (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
World Health Organisation Report, 2017. A study on the public health and socioeconomic impact of substandard and falsified medical products. https://www.who.int/medicines/regulation/ssffc/publications/SE-Study_EN_web.pdf?ua=1 (accessed 25 April 2020).Google Scholar
Xia, Q., Sifah, E. B., Asamoah, K. O., Gao, J., Du, X. & Guizani, M. 2017. Medshare: trust-less medical data sharing among cloud service providers via blockchain. IEEE Access 5, 1475714767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, P., White, J., Schmidt, D. C. & Lenz, G. 2017. Applying software patterns to address interoperability in blockchain-based healthcare apps. arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.03700.Google Scholar