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RITUAL EMULATION OF ANCIENT MAYA ELITE MORTUARY TRADITIONS DURING THE CLASSIC PERIOD (AD 250–900) AT CAHAL PECH, BELIZE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2018

Anna C. Novotny ,
Jaime J. Awe ,
Catharina E. Santasilia  and
Kelly J. Knudson
Anna C. Novotny
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79410 (anna.novotny@ttu.edu)
Jaime J. Awe
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011
Catharina E. Santasilia
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521
Kelly J. Knudson
Affiliation:
Center for Bioarchaeological Research, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287
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Abstract

In this study, we employ multiple lines of evidence to elucidate the use of mortuary ritual by the ruling elite at the ancient Maya site of Cahal Pech, Belize, during the Early Classic and early Late Classic periods (AD 250–630). The interments of multiple individuals in Burial 7 of Structure B1, the central structure of an Eastern Triadic Assemblage or “E-group” style architectural complex, were in a manner not consistent with the greater Belize River Valley, the only multiple individual human burial yet encountered at Cahal Pech. The sequential interments contained a suggestive quantity of high-quality artifacts, further setting them apart from their contemporaries. Among these artifacts were a set of bone rings and a hairpin inscribed with hieroglyphs, some of the few inscriptions ever found at Cahal Pech. We analyzed regional mortuary patterns, radiogenic strontium values, and radiocarbon data to test hypotheses about who these individuals were in life, why they were treated differently in death, and to reconstruct the sequence of events of this complex mortuary deposit. We contend that the mortuary practices in Burial 7 indicate an attempt by the Cahal Pech elite to identify with cities or regions outside the Belize River Valley area.

En este estudio empleamos múltiples líneas de evidencia para elucidar el uso de rituales mortuorios por parte de la elite gobernante en el antiguo sitio Maya de Cahal Pech, Belice, durante los períodos Clásico temprano y Clásico tardío temprano (250–630 dC). Los individuos hallados en el Entierro 7 de la Estructura B1, el edificio central de un complejo tríadico o “Grupo E”, fueron sepultados de una forma que no es congruente con las costumbres funerarias del valle del Río Belice. Aún más, se trata del único entierro múltiple registrado en Cahal Pech hasta el día de hoy. Estos entierros se hicieron de manera consecutiva y presentan una cantidad de artefactos de alta calidad, distanciándolos de las costumbres mortuorias contemporáneas. Entre estos artefactos se halló un juego de anillos de hueso y un broche para cabello inscrito con glifos, el cual representa una de las pocas inscripciones encontradas en Cahal Pech. En este trabajo analizamos patrones mortuorios regionales, valores de estroncio radiogénicos y datos de radiocarbono para poner a prueba nuestra hipótesis acerca de quiénes fueron estos individuos en vida, por qué fueron tratados de manera diferente en la muerte y cuál fue la secuencia de eventos que contribuyeron a este complejo depósito mortuorio. Sugerimos que las prácticas mortuorias del Entierro 7 parecen indicar un intento por parte de la elite de Cahal Pech de identificarse con ciudades o regiones fuera del área del Valle del Río Belice.

Type
Article
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2018 , pp. 641 - 659
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by the Society for American Archaeology 

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