Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-12T19:22:33.908Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Phylogeny of the genus Bryoria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2011

Leena MYLLYS ,
Saara VELMALA ,
Håkon HOLIEN ,
Pekka HALONEN ,
Li-Song WANG  and
Trevor GOWARD
Leena MYLLYS
Affiliation:
Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland. Email: leena.myllys@helsinki.fi
Saara VELMALA
Affiliation:
Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 7, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland. Email: leena.myllys@helsinki.fi
Håkon HOLIEN
Affiliation:
Nord-Trøndelag University College, Serviceboks 2501, N-7729 Steinkjer, Norway.
Pekka HALONEN
Affiliation:
Botanical Museum, Department of Biology, P. O. Box 3000, FI-90014, University of Oulu, Finland.
Li-Song WANG
Affiliation:
Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China.
Trevor GOWARD
Affiliation:
Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6G 2B1, Canada.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The phylogenetic relationships of the genus Bryoria were examined using ITS, partial glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequence data in addition to 20 chemical and morphological characters. This first comprehensive molecular study to assess Bryoria phylogeny includes representatives from all the traditionally recognized four sections. Combined cladistic analyses of 88 Bryoria specimens representing at least 25 species resulted in highly resolved phylogenies. Based on the results, a new infrageneric classification for the genus is proposed. Five sections are recognized, largely corresponding to the existing classification, with the addition of section Americanae. The study shows that while most species with an erect growth-form are clearly monophyletic, current species status of many pendent taxa can be questioned.

Keywords

AmericanaeclassificationParmeliaceaesecondary chemistryspecies delimitation
Type
Research Article
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 43 , Issue 6 , November 2011 , pp. 617 - 638
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Awasthi, D. D. (1970) On Alectoria acanthodes Hue, Alectoria confusa sp. nov. and systematic position of the genus Alectoria. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences 72: 149–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Awasthi, G. & Awasthi, D. D. (1985) Lichen genera Alectoria, Bryoria and Sulcaria from India and Nepal. Candollea 40: 305–320.Google Scholar
Brodo, I. M. (1978) Changing concepts regarding chemical diversity in lichens. Lichenologist 10: 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brodo, I. M. (1992) Bryoria trichodes, Ochrolechia oregonensis and Xylographa opegraphella new to Europe. Graphis Scripta 4: 61–65.Google Scholar
Brodo, I. M. & Hawksworth, D. L. (1977) Alectoria and allied genera in North America. Opera Botanica 42: 1–164.Google Scholar
Bystrek, J. (1969) Die Gattung Alectoria. Lichenes, Usneaceae (Flechten des Himalaya 5). Khumbu Himal 6: 17–24.Google Scholar
Common, R. S. & Brodo, I. M. (1995) Bryoria sect. Subdivergentes recognized as the new genus Nodobryoria (Lichenized Ascomycotina). Bryologist 98: 189–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crespo, A., Lumbsch, H. T., Mattson, J. E., Blanco, O., Divakar, P. K., Articus, K., Wiklund, E., Bawingan, P. A. & Wedin, M. (2007) Testing morphology-based hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships in Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) using three ribosomal markers and the nuclear RPB1 gene. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 812–824.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Culberson, C. F. (1972) Improved conditions and new data for the identification of lichen products by a standardized thin-layer chromatographic method. Journal of Chromatography 72: 113–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edgar, R. C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research 32: 1792–1797.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gardes, M. & Bruns, T. D. (1993) ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes – application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Molecular Ecology 2: 113–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goloboff, P. A., Farris, J. S. & Nixon, K. C. (2008) TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics 24: 77–786.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goward, T. (1999) The Lichens of British Columbia Illustrated Keys. Part 2, Fruticose species. Victoria: British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Research Program, Special Report Series no. 9.Google Scholar
Goward, T. (2009) Readings on the lichen thallus: VI. Reassembly. Evansia 26: 91–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halonen, P., Myllys, L., Velmala, S. & Hyvärinen, H. (2009) Gowardia (Parmeliaceae) – a new alectorioid lichen genus with two species. Bryologist 112:138–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harada, H. & Wang, L. S. (2006) Taxonomic study on Bryoria (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) of Japan (1). “Bryoria confusa” on Mt. Fuji. Lichenology 5: 175–177.Google Scholar
Hawksworth, D. L. (1971) Regional studies in Alectoria (Lichenes) I. The central and south African species. Botaniska Notiser 124: 122–128.Google Scholar
Hawksworth, D. L. (1972) Regional studies in Alectoria (Lichenes) II. The British species. Lichenologist 5: 181–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Högnabba, F. (2006) Molecular phylogeny of the genus Stereocaulon (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized ascomycetes). Mycological Research 110: 1080–1092.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holien, H. (1989) The genus Bryoria sect. Implexae in Norway. Lichenologist 21: 243–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holien, H. (1991) Bryoria subcana in Norway. Graphis Scripta 3: 94–96.Google Scholar
Holien, H. (1992) Bryoria glabra new to Europe. Graphis Scripta 3: 138–139.Google Scholar
Holien, H. (1994) Additions to the Norwegian flora of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. Graphis Scripta 6: 39–43.Google Scholar
Jørgensen, P. M. (1972) Further studies in Alectoria sect. Divaricatae DR. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 66: 191–201.Google Scholar
Jørgensen, P. M. (1975) Further notes on Asian Alectoria. Bryologist 78: 77–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jørgensen, P. M. & Galloway, D. J. (1983) Bryoria (lichenised Ascomycotina) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 21: 335–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jørgensen, P. M. & Ryvarden, L. (1970) Contribution to the lichen flora of Norway. Årbok for Universitetet i Bergen, Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Serie 1969 10: 1–24.Google Scholar
Krog, H. (1980) On Bryoria chalybeiformis and some related species. Lichenologist 12: 243–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lohtander, K., Myllys, L., Sundin, R., Källersjö, M. & Tehler, A. (1998) The species pair concept in the lichen Dendrographa leucophaea (Arthoniales): analyses based on ITS sequences. Bryologist 101: 404–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lohtander, K., Oksanen, I. & Rikkinen, J. (2002) A phylogenetic study of Nephroma (lichen-forming Ascomycota). Mycological Research 106: 777–787.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mietzsch, E., Lumbsch, H. T. & Elix, J. A. (1994) Wintabolites (Mactabolites for Windows). Users Manual and Computer Program. Ed. 2. Essen: Universität Essen.Google Scholar
Motyka, J. (1964) The North American species of Alectoria. Bryologist 67: 1–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myllys, L., Lohtander, K., Källersjö, M. & Tehler, A. (1999) Sequence insertions and ITS data provide congruent information on Roccella canariensis and R. tuberculata (Arthoniales, Euascomycetes) phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12: 295–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myllys, L., Stenroos, S. & Thell, A. (2002) New genes for phylogenetic studies of lichenized fungi: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and beta-tubulin genes. Lichenologist 34: 237–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myllys, L., Halonen, P. & Velmala, S. (2006) Notes on some rare species of Bryoria from Finland. Graphis Scripta 18: 23–26.Google Scholar
Orange, A., James, P. W. & White, F. J. (2001) Microchemical Methods for the Identification of Lichens. London: British Lichen Society.Google Scholar
Poelt, J. (1970) Das Konzept der Artenpaare bei den Flechten. Vorträge aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Botanik hrsg. von der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft, Berlin 4: 187–198.Google Scholar
Thell, A., Feuerer, T., Stenroos, S., Kärnefelt, I. & Myllys, L. (2004) Monophyletic groups within the Parmeliaceae identified by ITS rDNA, β-tubulin and GAPDH sequences. Mycological Progress 3: 297–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thell, A., Stenroos, S., Feuerer, T., Kärnefelt, I., Myllys, L. & Hyvönen, J. (2002) Phylogeny of cetrarioid lichens (Parmeliaceae) inferred from ITS and β-tubulin sequences, morphology, anatomy and secondary chemistry. Mycological Progress 1: 335–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Velmala, S., Myllys, L., Halonen, P., Goward, T. & Ahti, T. (2009) Molecular data show that Bryoria fremontii and B. tortuosa (Parmeliaceae) are conspecific. Lichenologist 41: 231–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, L. S. & Harada, H. (2001) Taxonomic study of Bryoria asiatica-group (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) in Yunnan, Southern China. Natural History Research 6: 43–52.Google Scholar
Wang, L. S., Harada, H., Narui, T. & Culberson, C. F. (2003) Bryoria hengduanensis (Lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae), a new species from Southern China. Acta Phytotaxononomica et Geobotanica 54: 99–104.Google Scholar
Wang, L. S., Harada, H., Koh, Y. J. & Hur, J.-S. (2005) Two species of Bryoria (Lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) from the Sino-Himalayas. Mycobiology 33: 173–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, L. S., Harada, H., Koh, Y. J. & Hur, J.-S. (2006) Taxonomic study of Bryoria (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) from the Sino-Himalaya (2). Bryoria fastigiata sp. nov. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 100: 865–869.Google Scholar
White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J. (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal DNA genes for phylogenetics. In PCR Protocols: a Guide to Methods and Applications (Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J. & White, T. J., eds): 315–322. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar