Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T09:39:07.277Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

From nanogenerators to piezotronics—A decade-long study of ZnO nanostructures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2012

Zhong Lin Wang
Zhong Lin Wang*
Affiliation:
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology; zhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu
Get access

Abstract

Developing wireless nanodevices and nanosystems is critical for sensing, medical science, environmental/infrastructure monitoring, defense technology, and even personal electronics. It is highly desirable for wireless devices to be self-powered without using a battery. We have developed piezoelectric nanogenerators that can serve as self-sufficient power sources for micro-/nanosystems. For wurtzite structures that have non-central symmetry, such as ZnO, GaN, and InN, a piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) is created by applying a strain. The nanogenerator uses the piezopotential as the driving force, responding to dynamic straining of piezoelectric nanowires. A gentle strain can produce an output voltage of up to 20–40 V from an integrated nanogenerator. Furthermore, piezopotential in the wurtzite structure can serve as a “gate” voltage that can effectively tune/control charge transport across an interface/junction; electronics based on such a mechanism are referred to as piezotronics, with applications such as electronic devices that are triggered or controlled by force or pressure, sensors, logic units, and memory. By using the piezotronic effect, we show that optoelectronic devices fabricated using wurtzite materials can provide superior performance for solar cells, photon detectors, and light-emitting diodes. Piezotronic devices are likely to serve as “mediators” for directly interfacing biomechanical action with silicon-based technology. This article reviews our study of ZnO nanostructures over the last 12 years, with a focus on nanogenerators and piezotronics.

Keywords

II-VInanostructureoxidepiezoelectric
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 37 , Issue 9 , September 2012 , pp. 814 - 827
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Wang, Z.L., Mater. Sci. Eng. R 64, 33 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Song, J.H., Science 312, 242 (2006).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Z.L., Adv. Funct. Mater. 18, 3553 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Yang, R.S., Zhou, J., Qin, Y., Xu, C., Hu, Y.F., Xu, S., Mater. Sci. Eng. R 70, 320 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Devices and Systems (Georgia Institute of Technology, SMARTech digital repository, 2011); http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39262.Google Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Nano Today 5, 540 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. (2012); doi:10.1002/adma.201104365.Google Scholar
Pan, Z.W., Dai, Z.R., Wang, Z.L., Science 291, 1947 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Mater. Today 7, 26 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Kong, X.Y., Ding, Y., Gao, P.X., Hughes, W., Yang, R.S., Zhang, Y., Adv. Funct. Mater. 14, 944 (2004).Google Scholar
Kong, X.Y., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 3, 1625 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kong, X.Y., Ding, Y., Yang, R.S., Wang, Z.L., Science 303, 1348 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, W.L., Wang, Z.L., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 6703 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, P.X., Ding, Y., Mai, W.J., Hughes, W.L., Lao, C.S., Wang, Z.L., Science 309, 1700 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Law, M., Greene, L.E., Johnson, J.C., Saykally, R., Yang, P.D., Nat. Mater. 4, 455 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.D., Zhou, J., Lao, C.S., Song, J.H., Xu, N.S., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 19, 1627 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, M.H., Mao, S., Feick, H., Yan, H.Q., Wu, Y.Y., Kind, H., Weber, E., Russo, R., Yang, P.D., Science 292, 1897 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lim, J.H., Kang, C.K., Kim, K.K., Park, I.K., Hwang, D.K., Park, S.J., Adv. Mater. 18, 2720 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.D., Song, J.H., Liu, J., Wang, Z.L., Science 316, 102 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qin, Y., Wang, X.D., Wang, Z.L., Nature 451, 809 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Q.X., Willander, M., Morjan, R.R., Hu, Q.H., Campbell, E.E.B., Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 165 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.D., Summers, C.J., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 3, 423 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S., Wang, Z.L., Nano Res. 4, 1013 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, Y.G., Wu, W.Z., Guo, R., Yuan, D.J., Das, S., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 10, 3414 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S., Lao, C.S., Weintraub, B., Wang, Z.L., J. Mater. Res. 23, 2072 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Sci. Am. 298, 82 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Lin, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 24, 110 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, R.S., Qin, Y., Dai, L.M., Wang, Z.L., Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 34 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, G., Yang, R.S., Wang, S.H., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 10, 3151 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Lin, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 24, 110 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Zhang, Y., Xu, C., Zhu, G., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 10, 5025 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, J.H., Lee, M.B., Hong, J.-I., Ding, Y., Chen, C.-Y., Chou, L.-J., Wang, Z.L., ACS Nano 5, 10041 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S., Qin, Y., Xu, C., Wei, Y.G., Yang, R.S., Wang, Z.L., Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 366 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Zhang, Y., Xu, C., Lin, L., Snyder, R.L., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 11, 2572 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, M.B., Bae, J.H., Lee, J.Y., Lee, C.S., Hong, S.H., Wang, Z.L., Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 3359 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, C., Wang, X.D., Wang, Z.L., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 5866 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, C., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 23, 873 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, B.J., Liu, Y., Yang, R.S., Wang, Z.L., ACS Nano 4, 3647 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pan, C.F., Li, Z.T., Guo, W.X., Zhu, J., Wang, Z.L., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 11192 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, A.F., Jiang, P., Wang, Z.L., Nano Energy (2012); doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2011.12.006.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 23, 3004 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X.D., Zhou, J., Song, J.H., Liu, J., Xu, N.S., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 6, 2768 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
He, J.H., Hsin, C.L., Liu, J., Chen, L.J., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 19, 781 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 19, 889 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bridgman, P.W., Phys. Rev. 42, 858 (1932).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, C.S., Phys. Rev. 94, 42 (1954).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, J., Fei, P., Gu, Y.D., Mai, W.J., Gao, Y.F., Yang, R.S., Bao, G., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 8, 3973 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Q., Wang, W.H., Xu, S., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 11, 4012 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, W.Z., Wei, Y.G., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 22, 4711 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, W.Z., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 11, 2779 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Chang, Y.L., Fei, P., Snyder, R.L., Wang, Z.L., ACS Nano 4, 1234 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, Y.F., Zhang, Y., Chang, Y.L., Snyder, R.L., Wang, Z.L., ACS Nano 4, 4220 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Q., Guo, X., Wang, W.H., Zhang, Y., Xu, S., Lien, D.H., Wang, Z.L., ACS Nano 4, 6285 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y., Yang, Q., Zhang, Y., Yang, Z.Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater., in press (2012).Google Scholar
Yang, Y., Guo, W.X., Zhang, Y., Ding, Y., Wang, X., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett. 11, 4812 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Y., Yang, Q., Zhang, Y., Yang, Z.Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater. 24, 1410 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Y., Wang, Z.L., Adv. Mater., in press (2012).Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, Z.L., Energy Environ. Sci. 5, 6850 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanosensation.Google Scholar
Choi, D., Jin, M.J., Lee, K.Y., Ihn, S.-G., Yun, S., Bulliard, X., Choi, W., Lee, S.Y., Kim, S.-W., Choi, J.-Y., Kim, J.M., Wang, Z.L., Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 4607 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xue, X.Y., Wang, S.H., Guo, W.X., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z.L., Nano Lett.; doi: 10.1021/n13028791 (2012).Google Scholar
Supplementary material: Image

Wang supplementary material

Wang supplementary material

Download Wang supplementary material(Image)
Image 1.1 MB