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Ionic liquids as safe electrolyte components for Li-metal and Li-ion batteries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 July 2013

Maria Assunta Navarra
Maria Assunta Navarra*
Affiliation:
Sapienza University of Rome;mariassunta.navarra@uniroma1.it
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Abstract

This article reports the search for nonflammable, stable electrolytes based on ionic liquid (IL) compounds, able to effectively improve the needed safety and reliability of lithium batteries. The most significant results are reviewed with the aim of elucidating critical aspects governing the properties of IL electrolytes, including (1) transport properties affecting ionic conductivity and the cycling rate of battery systems, (2) electrochemical/chemical stability toward most conventional electrode materials, and (3) thermal properties determining the range of applicability. Both liquid and polymer electrolytes, adopting ILs as the main component or as an additive to standard electrolyte solutions, are considered. Very promising results, in terms of battery prototype performances in scaled-up configurations, demonstrate the validity of the use of ILs for practical applications. Even though further improvements are necessary, particularly at high current density operations in both lithium-metal and lithium-ion systems, the realization of safer, high-performance batteries based on IL electrolytes is certainly possible. It can be concluded that ILs represent a viable solution to disappointing compromises between energy density and acceptable safety features in lithium batteries.

Keywords

Electrochemical and thermal stabilityliquid and polymer electrolytessafety
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 38 , Issue 7: Ionic liquids for energy applications , July 2013 , pp. 548 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2013 

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